The Practice And Reflection Of The Farmers' Specialized Cooperative Economic Organizations

Farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations are economic entities organized by farmers and relevant enterprises and individuals on a highly voluntary basis, in accordance with the principle of mutual benefit, operating the business of agricultural products and their derivatives in compliance with the law in the form of cooperation. They are based on the household contract management, organized by farmers engaged in the production and operation of similar agricultural products voluntarily, carried out the mutual assistance and cooperation in technology, information, capital, procurement, processing, storage and other aspects. Aiming at safeguarding the interests and increasing the income of the members, it's an effective form of organization in the market economy for farmers'self-service, self development and self-protection.After 160 years of practice, the cooperation economy thinking has developed extensively, and has a long history in developed countries, mostly successful and presenting the characteristics of wide distribution and the of diversified types. Currently, the cooperatives spread over 160 countries and regions, including agriculture, industry, finance, insurance, medical care, transport, logistics, technology, culture, education and other fields, mainly engaged in processing, manufacturing, construction, sales, supply, management, agricultural production, credit, insurance, welfare, culture, entertainment and other activities. As self-help organizations of vulnerable groups, cooperative economic organizations can not only create social harmony, but also play a prominent role for unemployment.Since the founding of China, it has set off three waves of farmers'specialized cooperative economic organizations. The first wave happened with the publish of "General Rules of Farmers Associations" by Central People's Government Administration Council in July 1950, and the vast majority of regions established farmers associations; the second wave took place after the first NPC Standing Committee passed "Model Statutes of Farmers Cooperatives" in March 1956, and various forms of primary cooperatives and senior co-operatives were set up all over China, evolved into "People's Communes" afterwards; the third wave began from 1980s when China developed socialist market economy, a large number of cooperative economic organizations sprang up. The "new rural cooperative organizations" replaced the "People's Communes" established and developed during 1950s and 1960s. The new rural cooperative economic organizations are established and developed in the in process of developing socialist market economic system and the rural commodity economy, guided by the western rural cooperative economic theory, combined with China's reality, in order to solve the problem that farmers' individual operation is in disharmony with the general market. It is still based on the family-management system, adhering to the principle of the voluntariness of farmers. It does not affect the autonomy in production and management or the ownership of family property, but instead, it deepens and improves the household contract management system in a new sense to promote and improve the socialist market economic development.Xuzhou farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations have experienced the development process from few to more, from the single to the comprehensive, from the spontaneous to the specification, showing the four prominent features of wide coverage, new models, practices implementation and great effectiveness, of which the development has made considerable progress. However, compared to the development requirements of the agricultural productivity, to the requirements for the prosperity of rural economy, to the expectations of farmers, and to the practice performance of the advanced areas, they still have a long way to go, with some contradictions and problems to be urgently solved. If not solved well, these problems will directly restrict the healthy and benign development of farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations of the whole city, and influence the income increase of farmers, efficiency improvement of agriculture, as well as the construction of a new socialist countryside. Therefore, The researchers specialized cooperative economic organizations of farmers in Xuzhou studying the current development status of Xuzhou farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations and raising some practical supportive proposals are importantly significant to solve the "three rural" issue, to speed up the process of agricultural industrialization, to develop the high quality, high yield, high-efficiency agriculture to realize the agricultural efficiency improvement, rural income increase and to promote the rural economic development.This paper started from Xuzhou's actual situation, and surveyed dozens of farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations, focusing on the analysis of typical cases. By means of the survey of the situation of Xuzhou farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations, the writer grasped the number, type and development status of Xuzhou farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations, analyzed the development history and the development characteristics of Xuzhou farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations, described the role and status of farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations in rural economic development to identify the main problems in the operation process and raised the proposals and countermeasures for the further improvement of farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations.