Land Fragmentation Evaluation And Regulation At County Level

Land fragmentation is a typical agricultural characteristic during the economic turning period in developing countries. we evaluated the degree of fragmentation through comprehensive research of landscape fragmentation and land management fragmentation on multi scale by different methods, studied distribution rules of land structure and quantity and driving force, put forward regulation measures for each districts, expected to provide scientific basis for regional land use and farmer scale management.Hanting district and Qixia city of Shandong Province were chosed as the typical representative of plain and mountain respectively, land utilization spatial information, remote sensing data, topographic map and peasant household survey data were used for the main data sources. First, landscape indexes were selected to evaluate landscape fragmentation on levels of county and town based on the analysis of landscapes respectively, landscape fragmentation degree of the plain and mountain were comparised. Secondly, land management fragmentation were analyzed on farmer scale with six fragmentation evaluation indexes by many factors of comprehensive evaluation method and the spatial interpolation technical, land management fragmentation driver model was established. Third, with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and terrain niche index as the landscape variables, two-dimension wavelet was analyzed in recognizing landscape characteristic scales and landscapes which respect for, fragmentation degree of five plots was comparised too. Finally, land fragmentation zones were formed by using SPSS clustering method, specific measures and implementation regulation and policy advice were put forward. The main conclusions were as follows:(1)The total areas of farmland, garden land, woodland, other agricultural land, residential and independent industrial and mining land, unused land farming were both more than 98% of Hanting district and Qixia city. On county landscape level, Qixia city was more fragment than Hanting district, which illustrated that land fragmentation degree was the result of joint action of human interference and terrain. Hanting district was flat, topography fluctuation was no limit basically, however, terrain of Qixia city fluctuated more strongly, topography was limit to land use, so fragmentation degree was higher.On county class level, cultivated land was the landscape matrix of Hanting district, mean patch size of cultivated land was obviously larger than other kinds of land. Cultivated and garden lands were leading industries in Qixia city, at high altitudes, woodland covered most areas, mean patch size of cultivated and garden lands was larger than other kinds of land. Other landscape indexes reflect that the shape of patch more structured, land types more agglomeration, landscape more simple in Hanting district, relatively, the shape of patch more complex, land types more dispersed, landscape more broken in Qixia city.On town landscape scale, the land use structure of Hanting district dominate by a single type of arable land, the city quarters were more fragmented than surrounding towns and surrounding towns were more fragmented than towns away from urban. Land types of relatively flat towns in Qixia city were most combined by arable land and garden land, land types of towns which fluctuated larger in Qixia city were most combined by woodland and garden land, land structure dominated by cultivated land, garden land, woodland strongly. Qixia city's fragmentation rule was related to leading landscape and topography, towns with low fragmentation mainly concentrated in the eastern regions, towns with high fragmentation concentrated in the central and western regions.(2)Evaluation result of land management fragmentation showed that, the degree of land management fragmentation was slight near urban area, such as Shuangyangdian, Gudi and Hetan towns, Bozi town's land management fragmentation was the most serious than others', which was far away from urban area. Net income per hectare reached the highest when the average size of plots was between 0.27 and 0.33 hectares, the average size of plots was positively correlated to farmers'cultivated areas, negatively correlated to the number of plots. Evaluation results of land management fragmentation and landscape fragmentation were different, the main reasons were as follows, Hanting district was sprawl, influenced by economic development and infrastructure construction, the impact on land use type of city quarters and surrounding towns were larger, landscape fragmentation degree were bigger, too. Meanwhile, the development of social economy provided more non-farm jobs for farmers surrounding towns, which was easy to realize land concentrated and scale operation, thus two results of fragmentation on cultivated land were not consistent.(3)Two-dimension wavelet recognized the landscape characteristic scales clearly, the results of NDVI detected characteristic scales of country residential, industrial site and farmland. B, C plots'landscape were more fragmented than A, D, E plots', space pattern of NDVI varied intensively. Terrain niche index showed typical slope and the distance between the ridge lines, the variation of E plot's wavelet variance was larger than A, B, C, D plots', because E plot's terrain fluctuated more strongly than A, B, C, D plots'. The most typical characteristic scales were 3200 m and 6400 m for mountain landscape of Qixia city by multiscale characters detection. A, D, E plots'fragmentation degree was slight, and B, C plots'fragmentation degree was relatively serious.(4)According to the affinity-disaffinity relationship of each towns'landscape fragmentation, Hanting district was divided into three zones (the city quarters, surrounding towns, towns away from urban), Qixia city was divided into four zones (urban construction and urban agriculture coordination development zones, construction of key small towns and ecology industry coordinated development zones, new rural construction and ecological agriculture coordination development zones). Land use adjustment policies and development direction of the above zones were put forward, which provided references for rational planning of land use and farmers intensive management.