The Farming Land Fragmentation And The Impact On The Grain Production Capacity In The County Of Gong’an

As the non-renewable resources, arable land is the basis for human survival and development. Cultivated land resources in our country have always exist the following features, such as "less arable land per capita", "less high-quality arable land", "inadequate cropland resources" and so on. Sufficient arable land resources is the guarantee of food security and the people’s livelihood plan. In the severe situation about serious shortage of arable land resources in China, there are some imminent jobs we should do, such as taking measures to try to eliminate the factors of farmland and environmental hazards, stability and expansion of arable land, maintaining and improving the production capacity of arable land and prevention and control the pollution of farmland.Arable land fragmentation is an important issue in many countries in the process of agricultural development currently. In sparsely populated areas, arable land fragmentation is not yet a serious problem, but in densely populated areas, this problem becomes very serious. This will obvious hamper the process of scale of operation and agricultural mechanization and have a negative impact on crop yields to some extent. Arable land fragmentation refers to the impact of arable land by natural and socio-economic factors and appears the following phenomenon, such as many smaller land and different family at different distances away from plots. With the deepening of the study, the influence of arable land fragmentation can be explained in two ways. Many scholars believe that arable land fragmentation can help farmers adjust planting structure, reduce agricultural production risk and achieve diversify planting, these all conducive achieve revenue for the majority of farmers. However, many other scholars believe that arable land fragmentation can affect the efficiency of agricultural machinery and reduce the efficiency about scale of production, thereby reducing the level of agricultural input and output.This article will begin from the arable land fragmentation analysis, choosing 8 index (plaque density, edge density, average plaque area, largest patch index, average fractal dimension, lot area weighted average shape index, aggregation index and landscape separation index) from landscape indices to evaluation the situation of arable land fragmentation of county Gong’an, By processing and analysis of data for each index, we know that the villages and towns located in Lake Plains have the low degree of arable land fragmentation than located in the Mountain Lakes, hilly and other towns. So it is visible that the arable land fragmentation can be affected by soils, topography, river flow, lakes and other natural factors. On the basis of the arable land fragmentation analysis, using the following project results about county Gong’an (arable quality level monitoring and agricultural land classification), the influence of arable land fragmentation to food production capacity had been investigated. The results showed that arable land fragmentation negatively affected the food production capacity. In the index of arable land fragmentation, the most two significant index is aggregation index and landscape separation index. An area has a high aggregation index, which has low degree of arable land fragmentation. This can help farmers using large-scale mechanized production to increase productivity and enhance food production. Landscape separation index is another way to elaborate, The larger the landscape separation index is, the higher the degree of arable land fragmentation is. The arable land is divided into many small plots and is obviously harmful to large-scale production. So it has a negative impact to food production capacity.