| Cultivated land is the prerequisite condition and material basis of agricultural production, whose quantity and quality ensure national food security and maintain social and economic sustainable and stable development of far-reaching significance. Fragmentation of farmland is corresponding land use pattern of cultivated landscale management,whose presence limits the development of agricultural mechanization, resulting in the loss of agricultural productivity,and which is a traditional agricultural production typical problems. Cha-kou small watershed is located in Loess Plateau, which has serious soil erosion,fragile ecological environment, and whose landscape fragmentation is more common, the economy is relatively backward. Farmland resources are the material basis of the most economic source of local farmers dependent, and its agricultural production basin provides important food security resources for Yonghe County. Therefore,exploring the basin of arable land fragmentation and farmer productivity issue has a strong theoretical and practical significance.The ideas of this study are as below:Choosing Cha-kou small watershed as a study area and the differences between the 4 types of farmland fragmentation unit are evaluated through ArcGIS, Fragstats software, using Spot,Quickbird remote sensing image, the land use map of current situation of small watershed in 2013, and household survey data. The translog stochastic frontier model and the efficiency function model are constructed and estimated.Moreover, the further influencing factors of cultivated land fragmentation on technical efficiency of farmers for production is analyzed from different types of farmland size and different double angle.The following conclusions are as below:(1)The degree of fragmentation of the four types of farmland sorting performance as below:ditch dam ground> slop farmland> ditch kawachi ground> terraced field.The fragmentation of land ownership and household management is more serious than the natural fragmentation of plots.;(2)The basin of cultivated land fragmentation situation affects the peasant household water conservation behavior,and the behavior planting industry,which makes the differences of farmers specific business behavior,regional obvious, and results in the low production efficiency, the low level of agricultural mechanization, and low grainyield and many other agricultural problems;(3)The average production technical efficiency of the basin investigation farmer farmland is 75.14%, the farmers has the improving 24.86% coverage and potential space of the agricultural production efficiency if the elimination efficiency of farmers is reduced in the future;(4)The quality of farmland in Loess Plateau is one of the important reasons for limiting the grain output. Blindly expand the scale of the landwill be less effective, and may even cause many adverse effects on the ecological system balance.Therefore the basin after land renovation to expand the scale of the land at the same time, the consideration should also be given to strengthen agricultural infrastructure facilities,to improve the quality of cultivated land, to fully tap the potential productivity of cultivated land to increase grain output ability;(5)The average efficiency of ≤ 4 acres of small scale farmers plots is 77.53%, which is higher than the other 4 plots size group.The average efficiency of 4 plots of landscale after the group of farmers have showed inverted "U" trend;(6)The average efficiency of 4 types of cultivated land use is sorting as below:ditch kawachi ground (80.69 %)>ditch dam ground(79.85 %)>terraced field(72.95 %)> slope farmland(67.08 %).Therefore,based on the premise of small watershed "balance" farmland ecological system,we should continue to strengthen comprehensive land management and agricultural infrastructure facilities, to fully tap the potential productivity of cultivated land,and to make the adjustment of farmers’ management mode and promote the use of contribution strength for intensive arable land resources. |
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