Research On Plant Communities In Huangsang National Nature Reserve Of Hunan Province

The Huangsang Nature National Reserve is located in the Suining of southwest Hunan, which is the crossing area of the northern foot of Nanling mountains and the south of Xuefeng mountain. It is one of the world’s ecosystem intact of the same latitude. In order to protect and use the vegetation resources in the region better, selecting the classical forest community of Huangsang Nature National Reserve as subject. This paper carries on the research on the vegetation classification, community diversity by methods such as sample survey, the floristic composition, diversity index analysis. The results of the survey are as follows:(1) There are 348 species belonging to 103 families 233 genus of vascular plants, in which the pteridophyte accounted 14 families 20 genus 24 species; the gymnosperm 4 families 6 genus and 7 species; the angiosperm accounted for 85 families 207 genus 322 species. The flora characteristic species shows that there are both tropical elements and temperate elements, and tropical elements are more than temperate elements.(2) Plant life form spectrum reflected that the dominated by phanerophytes, therophytes at least with 8 species. On the other hand, most of the characteristic of leaves are mesophy Ⅱ,simple leaves, leathery leaves and entire leaves, and affected by the typical subtropical climate.(3) By the Huangsang National Nature Reserve vegetation classification to were analyzed. The results showed that the vegetation the Huangsang National Nature Reserve can be divided into:9 vegetation types, namely, coniferous forests, needle broadleaf mixed forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, bamboo forests, shrubland and shrub-grassland, weltland vegetation and artificial vegetation; 41 formations.(4) By the Huangsang National Nature Reserve vegetation vertical distribution characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the vegetation vertical is not obvious, and has obvious vertical alternative in species composition. This is due to the subtropical monsoon climate, the mountain in a round, flat terrain uplifting, suitable for a variety of evergreen broad leaved tree species growth, mainly by the native vegetation species in evergreen broadleaved forest cover most of the mountain. But at an altitude of 1800 m or more close to the top of the hill, low temperature, because of the large wind tree species are difficult to grow, forming a shrubland and shrub-grassland.(5) The influences that the altitude to the species diversity is not remarkable, but the overall tendency is species abundance, species diversity grow gradually until 900m.After that the species diversity drop rapidly. In addition, human factors and the habitat of a species diversity also has a great influence.