Changes Of Plant Diversity With Rural Landscape Construction In Subtropical Zone

The topic of biodiversity loss and conservation has caused widespread concern in the world. It is well known that rural landscape is an important habit for biodiversity conservation, and the habit destruction worsening leads to the loss of biodiversity. With the development of rural landscape construction, in some parts of rural regions the change has occurred, such as land use types, agricultural activities and residential environment, which threaten original biodiversity.According to current states of subtropical rural landscapes, the villages of Anji County, Yuyao city and Wangcheng District were selected as an examples, in which roads, gardens, rivers, artificial forest and farming area, total five kinds of landscape elements were identified. The rural landscape elements were investigated to analyze the plant diversity, and approach the plant species distribution characteristics of transform chestnut reeling to primary forest, besides study on relativity of 12 kinds environmental factors on plant species diversity distribution, by which the following main conclusions were drawled:(1)The plant diversity had significant difference in different elements of rural landscape. Tree and shrub species richness index was reduced gradually form the park, roads and rivers to the farming area. However, species richness of herb plant was increased from roads, rivers, gardens to farming area. Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index of trees showed the order of the park river, the road to agricultural areas decreased in turn, shrub plants diversity was decreased from gardens, roads, rivers to farming areas, the herb diversity order of farming area, river, parks, roads, was reduced too.(2)Each kind of landscape elements had different species composition, the dominant tree and shrub species composition was similar to four elements, herbaceous species composition was difference. Species composition similarity increases with trees, shrubs to herbaceous.(3)Significant relationship between arbor and shrub species existing in the rural landscape, the relationship of species distribution was not obvious between herbaceous plants and woody plants.(4)Structural transformation of forest, increaseed the new species, significantly improved the shrub layer plant species diversity, the diversity of herbaceous plant did not constitute a significant impact, the plant community structure tended to stable.(5)Plant diversity under the influence of alien invasive plants and measures in rural landscape elements, artificial afforestation increased the diversity of trees and shrubs in the park, road and rivers, herbaceous plant diversity fell due to high coverage of herbaceous greening vegetation. The dominant herbaceous species, Alien Invasive Species Alternanthera philoxeroides was not significant on plant diversity of herb layer in rural roads.(6)Plant diversity distribute under the influence of alien invasive plants and measures in rural landscape elements, artificial afforestation would significantly increase plant diversity in the parks and rivers. Trees associated with plant diversity and plant diversity distribution of shrub, herb species diversity and distribution of woody plant diversity distribution was not significantly. Tree species diversity distribution was affected by the way, the adjacent patches of forest coverage, coverage and environmental factors in land use. Shrub species diversity distribution of land use, adjacent patch types, forest cover, population density and other 7 kinds of environmental factors. Herb species diversity distribution of greening rate, forest coverage rate had significant effect.