Avian Community Structure And Seasonal Dynamics Of Wulanchabu,Inner Mongolia

Rich in natural resources, Wulanchabu is an important region for birds to survive and multiply.The research of bird community structure can be used to assess and forecast the environmental changes in a certain extent.Sysmetic investigation we have done on avian communities of 6 kinds of typical habitat in Wulanchabu,using a fixed radius point and line transect method,from October 2012 to September 2013.To explore seasonal variation of bird community structure in Wulanchabu,even the 6 habitat,and to analyse the possible reasons,which provides a theoretical basis for the protection and restoration of the ecological environment in this aera.The main results as following:153 bird species were recorded,belonging to 45 families of 17 orders.Overall,the species are richest in Autumn(111) and minimum in Winter(24).The highest bird density is appear in Autumn(28.3253 per hectares),and lowest in Summer(11.3338 per hectares).Spring bird community is the highest in Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’=3.3650) and evenness index (J=0.7230),contrarily,these two indices are both lowest in Winter,respectively 1.3173 and 0.4145.The bird diversity has seasonal varieties in all types of habitats,there are also some differences between different habitats.Among four seasons,the highist similarity coefficient of bird community is between Spring and Autumn(S=0.6759), it is the lowest between spring and winter(S=0.2326);In Spring,Summer and Autumn, the bird community between farmland and grassland in main habitats is most similar,wetlands’bird community have a lowest similarity with others.In winter,birds communities between farmland and grassland, residential area and landfill,both have a high similarity,forest area has a lowest similarity with other habitats.The species number and density of migratory birds shows seasonal variation obviously,namely it reaches the peak in spring and autumn, and trough in summer and winter.Resident birds density increases from spring to winter. Wulanchabu is an important area for summer migratory birds breeding and migrant birds feeding, which is affected by the increased human activities.To protect both waterfowl and wetland ecological environment is a crucial part for keeping bird diversity in Wulanchabu.