| Wetland is the first of ecological service value in the earth ecosystem. Wetland has a variety of ecologicalfunction such as climate regulation, water and soil conservation, resource supply, biodiversity and Geneticdiversity conservation. So wetland is known as “the kidney of the earth”. Marine ecosystem is unique andirreplaceable ecological resource in the coastal region. Meanwhile, with the fast progress in urbanization, thetidal flat reclamation become an important way to keep balance of population and land in the coastal region.However, the tidal flat reclamation for urban construction change the original landscape pattern and controlthe landscape pattern evolution process, to destruct ecological balance. It directly relates to protection ofregional ecological security and implementation of sustainable development strategy. With its rigoroustheoretical foundation and methodology, landscape ecology become a powerful method to solve the problemabout how to reduce the impact on the ecological environment because of land use change. With the supportof public welfare project in the State Oceanic Administration People’s Republic of China, the paper selectLianyun New City as a research object, that is planned for city after reclamation. On the strength of theprinciple of landscape ecology, the paper makes some studies on landscape pattern evolution and optimizationfrom the following several aspects. The research results can provide theory basis and practice guidance forecological construction and management after tidal flat reclamation.1. The paper selects two phase of Landsat TM satellite remote sensing images and overall plan map afterreclamation as the basic data in Lianyun New City. Firstly, the Landsat TM satellite remote sensing imagesare processed. We make band combination, cutting and human-computer interaction interpretation by ErdasImagine9.2software and obtain landscape classification map in1887and2000. Overall plan map afterreclamation is classified and reorganized by ArcGIS9.3. Thus, we obtain the map of landscape classificationin2015.2. Based on the research purpose and significance of landscape pattern index, we respectively choose sixand seven kinds of landscape pattern indexes at class level and landscape level. Based on landscapeclassification maps in1887、2000and2015, we use Fragstats3.3software to calculate all landscape patternindexes. We analyze all landscape pattern indexes and get some results as follows. Before reclamationLianyun New City is an agricultural area mainly including natural wetland and artificial wetland. However, after reclamation it become a urban area and artificial landscape dominates. It shows a series of characteristicslike a high degree of landscape fragmentation, landscape diversity declination and connectivity falling.3. We choose IIC、PC、dPC to make quantitative study on water body connectivity. Applying ArcGIS9.3, Pathmatrix1.1and Conefor Sensinode2.6, we calculate IIC, PC and dPC. By analyzing these threeindexes, we get the results as follows. Water connectivity is bad integrally. Those patches are the key toconnectivity that have large area and are located in the center line of wetlands and mountain. Patchimportance closely relates to ecological service values and spatial location of water patch.4. Based on the analysis of characteristics on landscape pattern, we choose landscape classification mapof Lianyun New City as a basic data in2015. We optimize Landscape pattern applying minimum cumulativeresistance model and using spatial analysis module of ArcGIS9.3based on principle and method ofhydrologic analysis. We get the results as follows. We obtain the spatial layout of ecological securitycomponents like ecological corridor and ecological Node. Neighbour effect of ecological source is obvious.Thus, it is the key of conserving ecological source to build their buffer zones. Ecological corridor is importantto improvement of connectivity. |
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