Research On The Value Of Landscape Ecological Service In Yuncheng City Based On The Change Of Landscape Pattern

At present,with the social economy and the rapid development of science and technology,people's lives became better day by day.But a series of problems such as air pollution,environmental damage was also followed.The problems about population,land resources,ecology faced a serious challenge.People found that ecological environment protection and rational utilization grew urgent,and Sustainable development appeared at the historic moment.The development of economy and urbanization affects the landscape pattern.It also affects the ecological service function of the landscape,which leads to the change of landscape ecological service value.The quality of ecological environment was closely related to the long-term development of human beings.The evaluation of ecosystem service values was an important method of ecological environment evaluation.Yuncheng,located in the southwest of Shanxi Province,was strategically located at the boundary of the three provinces of Shanxi,Shaanxi and Henan.And it was a key area for the Yellow River golden triangle economic development zone,and it was also one of the cradles of Chinese civilization.Yuncheng had an extraordinary political,economic and cultural status.Since 1978,Yuncheng's economy had taken off and the urbanization process had accelerated obviously,too.But it had also caused great difficulties to the construction of ecological civilization.Based on the analysis of Yuncheng's landscape pattern,this paper discussed the changing characteristics of ecosystem service values,hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the development of Yuncheng,as well as a reference for the urban development in central China.In this paper,with reference to previous research experience and the actual development in this area,this paper established landscape classification system.The paper made remote sensing image landscape pattern classifications from 1980 to 2018 by using the ENVI and GIS technology,and analyzed the temporal and spatial variation rules of Yuncheng.This paper used landscape pattern index method to analyze landscape fragmentation,landscape dominance,complexity.The paper used Meta-analysis value transfer method and selected appropriate independent variables to establish the value transfer model,This paper assessed landscape ecological value and analyzed variation trend.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)During the period from 1980 to 2018,land landscape was the main landscape type in Yuncheng,but it still showed a decreasing trend and was the most important supply of other landscapes.The area of cultivated land and construction land were converted into each other.It indicated that urban expansion occupied cultivated land resources.The change of garden land,forest land and grassland was not significant,and the decrease of water landscape was large.The change of construction land landscape was mainly manifested in the continuous increase of area.And Yanhu district,Hejin city,Wenxi county had obvious urban expansion phenomenon,while]urbanization was more obvious than before.(2)During the period from 1980 to 2018,the overall fragmentation,diversity and complexity of Yuncheng landscape increased,while the accessibility of landscape declined.To be specific,land landscape was the dominant landscape type in this area,which patch complexity was large and fragmentation was also increasing.Garden land,woodland and grassland landscape was changing a little.The water landscape tended to be fragmented.The change of patch quantity and maximum patch index of construction land indicated that new towns appeared while the original town area was still expanding.(3)The landscape ecological service value transfer model of cultivated land,forest land,water area and construction land was positively correlated with urban variables and research variables,while the grassland landscape ecological service value transfer model was negatively correlated with western region variables.Among the property variables,the area variable was negatively correlated with the landscape ecological service value transfer model of construction land.The economic variable was negatively correlated with the landscape ecological service value model of five landscapes.And the population variable was positively correlated with the landscape ecological service value transfer model of water area,but negatively correlated with the landscape of construction land.(4)In terms of the ecological service value per unit area of Yuncheng,the water landscape was highest one,followed by the landscape of woodland,grassland and cultivated land,and the value per unit area of construction land is the lowest one.On the whole,the total landscape ecological service value in Yuncheng was decreasing.To be specific,the total ecological value of cultivated land,woodland,grassland and water landscape was decreasing,while the total landscape ecological service value of construction land was increasing.The change of landscape ecological service value and landscape type area reflected the negative impact of urban expansion.By optimizing the landscape pattern structure,the overall landscape ecological service value can be improved.