Study On The Landscape Security Pattern Using MSPA And MCR Models In The Upstream Of Nenjiang River

The upper Nenjiang River has a developed water system,abundant biological resources,and a forest coverage rate of 41.53%.Since the reform and opening up,with the rise of tourism in the upper reaches of the Nenjiang River,the city has continued to expand,and the relationship between supply and demand for construction land has become increasingly severe,leading to serious damage to the ecosystem,economic development and the maintenance of the natural environment have not reached a balance,and the function of the ecosystem has been severely damaged.In recent years,China has not only actively built ecological civilization,but many scholars have also tended to study ecological environment protection.Based on the above background,this paper takes the upper Nenjiang river basin as the research area,uses the Landsat 8remote sensing image in 2019 as the basis,uses the MSPA model and landscape connectivity index method to extract the ecological source,and identifies the ecological corridor based on the MCR model.The reasonably constructed landscape security pattern in this area is of great significance for soil and water conservation and maintenance of biodiversity,promotion of ecological civilization construction and upstream eco-economic transformation.The main research contents are as follows:(1)This article divides the land in the upper reaches of the Nenjiang River into forest land,grassland,cultivated land,water area,construction land and unused land.Using the FRAGSTAT software to calculate the landscape index and analyze the landscape pattern characteristics of the upper Nenjiang River,the results show that there are unreasonable land use phenomena in the upper Nenjiang River basin,uneven distribution of various landscapes,and a high degree of fragmentation of ecological land landscape patches.Proposed corresponding solutions.(2)Based on the landscape security pattern theory,combined with the actual situation of the study area,the forest land and water area are selected as ecological land.The MSPA model and the landscape connectivity index method are used to extract patches with strong ecological connectivity as ecological sources.The core area landscape area accounts for ecological land.54.85%,the bridge area only occupies4.34%of the ecological land.The results show that the habitat area of the species community in the upper Nenjiang river basin is relatively large,but the migration channel used for energy exchange and material flow is small in size and concentrated in distribution,which is not conducive to species migration.(3)Extract the 16 core areas with the highest dPC values as ecological sources.The areas of patches 4 and 5 with the highest dPC values are:999.45km~2,1105.92km~2,and the dPC values are:38.35262,30.93579,which are mainly located near Jiku Forestry Farm in the Jiwen Forestry Bureau in the Inner Mongolia Oroqen Autonomous Banner and near the Kuile River Nature Reserve.The remaining patches are located at the source of the Nenjiang River,the Ali River National Forest Park,the Huoduqi Forestry Farm and Nuomin Forestry Farm,Keyihe Forestry Bureau,Tieling Mountain,Duobukuer Nature Reserve,Dagu Mountain,Laoye Ridge,and 727 Forest Farm,Daping Mountain,Jinshui Mountain,Menlu River Wetland Nature Reserve,Shengshan Forest Farm,Keluo River Nature Reserve and Nenjiang Nierji Reservoir.The ecological source area should be strengthened in landscape planning.Most of the ecological sources are ecological land and the ecosystem is excellent.The future work direction is to continue to maintain and maintain.For a small amount of construction land in the source area,it is recommended that the government issue related immigration policies to encourage residents to build houses in different places.For a small amount of cultivated land in the source area,it is recommended to adjust the industrial structure,develop ecological agriculture or return the farmland to forests.(4)Considering the three factors of nature,society and ecology,eight resistance factors were selected.AHP was used to establish a resistance evaluation system,and the MCR model was used to construct a minimum cumulative resistance surface.Then use the spatial analysis method of Arc GIS to determine the buffer zone,ecological corridor and ecological node of the minimum cumulative resistance surface.Combining the above elements of landscape security pattern,the landscape ecological security pattern of the upper Nenjiang river basin is obtained.Finally,the landscape security pattern and the land use superposition in the upper Nenjiang river basin are summarized and analyzed.The composition and distribution characteristics of land use under the landscape ecological security pattern are summarized and analyzed.The results of the study show that most land allocations are scientific and reasonable,and contribute to the ecological functions and processes.There are also some areas that suffer from ecological security issues.This article mainly analyzes the ecological source,buffer zones with different degrees of resistance,ecological corridors and ecological nodes,and provides ecological land maintenance opinions and corresponding suggestions for the upper Nenjiang river basin Solution.