Study On Coastal Zone Sustainable Development And Its Evaluating

With the process of the industrialization and urbanization, the coast area is facing the heavy pressures of population , wastes discharging , sea transport , industry and recreation that increases day by day, all these make the coastal zone extremely fragile and easy to be threatened. Sustainable development problem of the coastal zone, this new research field, paid close attention to more and more by people, but has not formed the authoritative theory yet at present. This study includes two respects, which are coastal zone sustainable development theory and its evaluating. It is aimed at enriching the teddy on sustainable development of coastal zone.The coastal zone is a kind of resource, and a complicated system with abundant key element and attribute. So the sustainable development theory of coastal zone should be set up on the environmental resources theory and system scientific theory. Combining the sustainable development theory, drawing a coastal zone sustainable development intension of science should include the following respect: (1) every subsystem is developed in harmony. (2) Sustainable utilization of resources. (3) Pursue the ecological benefits. (4) Guarantee the environmental quality with area in the coast. (5) Pursue the equity between generations to generation.In this study, the evaluation index system of coastal zone sustainable development based on the "Pressure-State-Response" frame model is structured. And a rule being brought forward is that: the "policy" determines the "pressure" and the "pressure" caused the coastal zone's "state", then the gist is offered for government's "response" again according to "state". The focal point of structuring the index system lies in analyzing that causes the pressure with deterioration of the environment of coast, because effective coastal zone management can control the pressure, and then improve the state of the coast. This text pollutes from the land and pollutes two respects to resolve for the coastal one pressure in the sea area, the coastal zone pressure after finding out thinningly forms the reason, they are main pressure indexes too. This study divides the state into two respects: land pollution and the sea area pollution, finds out the cause of formation of the pressure formed, which becomes the primary index. AHP is used to quantize harmony degree of the coastal zone sustainable development. AHP well solves such plural decision problem as sustainable development and evaluation. And the composite index grade method can give an intuitionistic expression of the level of coastal sustainable development.This paper carries on the demonstration research to such seven littoral zone cities as Shanghai. The evaluation index system of coastal zone sustainable development is structured, which includes three subsystem (pressure, state, response) and four layers (aim, guide line, factor, and index). It gives a mark to each index of sustainable development of littoral zone through the questionnaire and form visited, gets the weight of each index and the results of seven cities finally. It is overall the weak sustainable development that the result shows these cities, Shenzhen and Xiamen reach the highest sustainable development coordinate degree, and Shanghai is the lowest. This paper analyses to each subsystem of sustainable development of littoral zone finally, finds out outstanding respect and existing problem influencing the sustainable development of each city, and makes the policy recommendations.