A Research About Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocols

Wireless sensor network(WSN) is a novel network which integrate sensor technology,embedded computation, distributed information processing and wireless radio communication technology.It can be collaboration to monitor and collect all kinds of information about the monitor object, and processing it.Because the nodes of WSN always work outdoor and are battery-powered,the energy of WSN is strictly constrained.Therefore how to prolong the lifetime of WSN is primarily concerned when design WSN routing protocols.Based on the background mentioned above,the architecture, characteristics,applications and key technology of WSN are introduced.Then Categories of WSN routing protocols,Performance evaluate criterion and several typical routing protocols of WSNs are discussed and mainly discussed cluster-based routing protocol Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH).After particularly analyzing LEACH protocol, the disadvantages of LEACH are pointed out and propose a new routing protocol based on LEACH which appoint virtual grid of GAF to LEACH in order to overcome the instability of LEACH's cluster header,the new protocol also take the remaining energy of node and average remaining energy of all the cluster member nodes as a factor of the threshold in cluster header election to avoid elect node which has little energy for cluster header. At last,simulate the new protocol and LEACH on my own simulation platform in many kinds of situlations,as the simulation result show that the new protocol saves the energy of the whole network and balanced the energy consumption of nodes therefore prolong the lifetime and improve the performance of the network especially in larger scale wireless sensor networks.Finally,the main work of the thesis is concluded and the problems that need to study in future is pointed out.