Research On The Acquisition Of Tacit Knowledge Strategy For Graduates Based On Tutorial System

Tacit knowledge was put forward by Michael Polanyi the concept from his philosophy when he explored aspects of human knowledge that is belonged to the field of belief, and he deeply discussed it. Since then people gradually concerned the existence and meaning of the tacit knowledge. Tacit knowledge was a kind of knowledge which was impossible or difficult to express using speech, text or symbols. It depends on the individual's experience, intuitive insight and deeply rooted in the action itself, rooted in the environment of the individual. However, tacit knowledge of tutor played an important role for graduate students to construct personal knowledge and growth .So in this article how to obtain it would become the research focus.In this paper, the mechanism of personal knowledge growth as the starting point, we deeply discussed how to construct the personal body of knowledge during interact with the environment. And based on this re-discusses what is tacit knowledge. The acquisition of tacit knowledge eventually could only rely on personal practice, which includes difficult trial and error learning. So tacit knowledge can only be in the graduates' own minds to achieve growth, cannot directly obtain from the minds of others. And the acquisition of tacit knowledge in the field of education is actually a learning process. In graduate education, tutorial system is an effective platform to acquire tacit knowledge. Based on it, graduate students to get the tacit knowledge had the characteristics of entirety, growth, contextualization and behavior. And it has provided a model of action, thinking and a strong academic culture for the growth of graduates.In order to solve this problem of the acquisition of tacit knowledge better, this article discusses the factors deeply based on tutorial system to get the tacit knowledge. From the individual level we put forward that faith is one of the factors that impact to obtain the tacit knowledge. And addresses from the relationship between faith and knowledge, influence of faith on the academic career of tutor, role in the development of graduate students and growth of knowledge when teachers and students interacted each other. From the interaction levels advances that emotion between tutors and post graduates is one of the impact factors on the acquisition of tacit knowledge. It includes admiration sense of graduates for tutor's academic achievements, respect sense of graduates for tutor's personality, and sense of trust each other and entitavity of graduates for academic team and so on. On the environment aspects, we thought that academic culture including academic concepts, spirit academic, academic ethics and academic evaluation, and they all effect on the graduates' acquisition of tacit knowledge. Finally, from the management level, this paper presented the influencing factors to obtain tacit knowledge. If the graduates' potential has no relation with their appraisal, they lacked the motivation to participate in their tutor's scientific research; enrolled too much new post graduates who lack the adequate guidance of the tutor; the training of graduate students focused on results, ignored the growth of individual knowledge construction process; similar and interdisciplinary were relatively independent, and ignore the breadth of the individual knowledge construction.Based on the above factors, this paper put forward some strategies that tutor and graduates will acquire the tacit knowledge from three aspects including the construction of academic community, the building of research-based learning community and the introduction of task-driven learning model. The construction of academic community needs tutor and graduates to work together. The instructor's mission is to establish the research topics and build the field to get the tacit knowledge, to provide a good humanity environment and encourage the development of personality, the way of thinking, and to manage tacit knowledge of community and strengthen the interaction between the communities. Corresponding to the tutor, the graduates' mission is to systematically master the basic knowledge and to culture the problem intuitive awareness of the professional field, actively participate in research and achieve the professional development on subject-oriented, at the same time to carry out self-guided and self-reflection, and inherit and develop the tacit knowledge of community. The building of research-based learning community is process-oriented to discuss how to obtain the tacit knowledge. Firstly, excited the internal driven and set up the task, then provided assistance and analyzed the tasks, and then step-by-step to complete the task, lastly sum, evaluate and upgrade the tasks.Finally, this paper took the graduates of our own research institute as an example to discuss how to acquire tacit knowledge.