| The central task of present mass media reform is to establish modern enterprise rules and realize the company management. There are two similar processes during the course of the development of Chinese newspaper rules: one is the process from natural economy to market economy; another is the process from planned economy to market economy. And the establishment of modern enterprise rules is also the goal of newspaper in modern times. The history of the development of modern-times newspaper rules from later Qing Dynasty is in accordance with the general developmental pattern of enterprise rules. It has transformed from single proprietorship to jointly-run operation and to company operation, from the management of domestic workshop to the scientific management in modern times, from a single newspaper enterprises to a group of newspaper enterprises, during which every stage has its distinguished feature. Taking the origin and development of Newspaper Company in modern times as the central issue, this thesis systematically studies the development of Chinese Newspaper Rules in modern times by analyzing the literature and case study.The period of later Qing Dynasty is the original stage of Newspaper Company. Joint-stock system has been applied into newspaper ahead of the times. The joint-stock system was firstly applied into one of the independent Chinese newspapers—Hui Bao. However, because of its weak base and the unsteadiness of the social politics, the modern-times newspaper has been in the stage of party newspaper over a long period of time. With the profits being ignored of, the joint-stock system being the tool of capital-collection, it is lack of the essence of system. The commercialization of newspaper has not become a distinguished phenomenon until the period of Republic of China. And the systematical construction of Newspaper Office in later Qing Dynasty has also been gradually bettered. Some Newspaper Office attempted the scientific management; the reporters' awareness of company became stronger and stronger with the progress of the society. When Company Law was promulgated in the end of Qing Dynasty, registered newspaper company appeared. And in Republic of China, the newspaper company has developed rapidly with the thriving economy and some private-citizen-running newspaper enterprises have been immerged, which has set the solid basis for the company system of newspaper. Form 1930s to Anti-Japan War, company system has been gradually popular in the field of newspaper. Some large-scale newspaper has been transformed into Limited Corporation with standard management of Legal person. The newspaper companies which could be represented by Da Gong Bao have made their rough ways ahead and bettered their regulations in these hard times. From this period to the post-war period, the group of newspaper enterprises has stood out. And the attempts of the realization of group with holding and the central management have appeared, which is the seed of holding company.To sum up, the development of modern-times newspaper system has the features of diverse, unbalance and advance. Although the traditional single proprietorship and jointly-run operation is the main stream, the company system has-developed ahead of time in the field of newspaper. These newspaper companies have played the critical roles in modern China and pointed out the developmental direction of modern newspaper. |
