Research On Energy Aware MAC Technologies For Wireless Sensor Networks Based On RFID

With the rapid development of the integrate circuit, wireless communication and sensing technologies, wireless sensor network (WSN) has turned to be the key technology in the new era of information technologies. With the improvement of the reliability and survivability, the WSN can be widely used in military sensing, security, environmental monitoring, traffic surveillance, medical treatment, building and structures monitoring, even anti-terrorism, etc.RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), is usually called induction electronic chip, induction card, contactless smart card, electronic label, electronic strip, etc.. RFID is a kind contactless automatic identification technology, which identify objects through RF signal and collect relative data without any manual interference. It can work under noise environment.Combining RFID technology and WSN (wireless sensor network), this paper presents a RFID-based WSN infrastructure integrating MICA2 platform and RFID reader, and designs the sensor's nodes that can read RFID tags. After that, an energy-saving MAC protocol--CSMAC protocol, which is based on cluster structure, is proposed for Wireless Sensor Networks based on RFID. This protocol is very energy efficient and broadcast oriented. It raises the channel's efficiency of communication by decreasing the collisions. And at the same time, it raises the efficiency of network energy by such measures as reducing transmission time, lessening monitoring time, and cutting down switching times. The simulation tests prove that the CSMAC protocol, compared to the traditional S-MAC protocol, is better in improving the utilization ratio of communication channel and achieves better energy-saving effect, finally it achieves the purpose of energy saving. Besides, the CSMAC protocol can make the network more scalable than most other existing MAC protocols.