Application And Research Of Image Processing Technology On Seismic Image

Coherent data cube technology is a new technology developing in recent years, and it provides a powerful tool for the interpretation of fault and abnormal lithology in 3-D seismic data. The interpretation of fault on the coherent slices is usually connecting fault polygons on the coherent slices, and then used for the structural map. If fault polygons can be automatically detected out on the coherent slices, and then it is directly used for the structural map, which will greatly improve the efficiency of fault interpretation. Coherent slices can be seen as a two-dimensional image with the fault, and then the fault polygon detection can be achieved by the image's geopolitical detection technology. This chapter focuses on the related pre-processing including filtering, de-noising and sharpening by the algorithms about digital image processing, and further does edge detection and fault profile tracking on images of coherent slices, and achieves that fault polygons can be automatically detected out on the coherent slices.The images which are accessed actually are usually containing noise because of subjecting to certain interference. There are many reasons that cause noise, such as the internal noise of sensitive components, the particles noise of photosensitive materials, thermal noise, the jitter noise of electrical mechanical movement, interference noise of transmission channels, and other quantifiable noise. These noises worsen the image quality, make the image blurred, and even submerge its features, which brings difficulties to analysis.This paper firstly researched into the classic image edge detection method, and linear filtering technology and its application in image edge detection; based on the multi-scale and self-adaptive edge detection of Canny Algorithm, each algorithm's advantages and disadvantages in image edge detection were compared through theoretical analysis and simulation. Secondly, this paper improved a filtering algorithm of keeping image edge details based on the research of the pre-processing algorithms of image edge detection. Finally, on the basis of the above, an image edge tracing and extracting algorithm of the complex binary image was aiming at the need of the project. The improved and presented algorithms were applied into the project, and a coherent slice fault polygon detection system was designed and implemented. The result that the fault polygon detected out by the system was position accurate, continuous, smooth, rich details of the edge, and the border showing a single pixel width was verified through practice. The algorithms and detection system in the paper have strong use and reference value.