| Wireless Sensor networks(WSN), which is made by the convergence of sensor, nested computation, networks and wireless communication technologies, is a novel technology about acquiring and processing information. It is a late-model wireless networks and can be used for testing, sensing, collecting and processing information of monitored objects. WSN is a new research area of computer science and technology and has a wide application future. Both academia and industries are very interested in it. Research on WSN can be broadly based on two areas, one is the design of small intelligent node, another is the study on wireless sensor networks.In this dissertation, the conceptions and key technologies of WSN are introduced briefly, and some applications of WSN and structure of the networks are covered. Then we give the classification of the routing protocols for WSN and summarize the characteristic of routing protocols. We also list and make comparison of several kinds of existing cluster-based protocols. Finally, we abstract the target of design for cluster-based routing protocols.Researching cluster-based routing protocol of WSN and designing small intelligent node are the main parts of this work. This paper improves data gathering protocols which are cluster-based and proposes a double-cluster-head algorithm. The emulation experiment proves that the improved algorithm can get higher reliability of data transmission with lower energy cost, balancing reliability and energy efficiency. This protocol can be used in those palaces where high reliability is required.The design of small intelligent node is introduced in this paper. Requirements for WSN nodes are presented. Based on the design requirements, the hardware architecture is presented for the wireless sensor network nodes and the development of a wireless sensor node has been completed. The systems structure, hardware circuits based on ARM kernel MCU and software flow chat are too given. |
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