The Design Of High-Speed Data Acquisition System Based On MCU And FPGA

In the domain of automation,electric measure,geological explore,avigation, high-speed data acquisition system is applied broadly. The important aspect of high-speed data acquisition system (DAS) is how to collect and save high-speed signal timely in order to ensure signal not losing and to meet the need of industry spot.Traditional high-speed DAS using singlechip and hardware FIFO to gather signal is of singleness and upgrade hardly. Nowadays, the high-speed DAS using DSP processor is very popular, but this system is complex, especially its internal arithmetic. FPGA is of circuit logic legible, time-delay small, speed fast and so on, and we can use VHDL or Verilog HDL to describe chip's logic circuit which can be modified and upgraded easily. If the FPGA controller is adopted in high-speed DAS, then it will advance greatly the stability and reliability of the system.Based on the analysis of interrelated application background and the research for current high-speed DAS, we introduce the design way of MCU and FPGA. Use Cygnal Inc C8051F120 singlechip to control start-up and stop of system, permission of data acquisition, data transmission etc. Use Altera Inc Cyclone II series EP2C8Q208C7 chip to control buffer of high-speed data and sample of storage etc.Firstly, this paper introduces the analysis and study of high-speed DAS home and abroad currently and the theory about data acquisition, then we ascertain the hardware structure of system and IC chips used in this paper. We design PCB after sufficiently thinking over signal disturbance and signal insulation and so on. FPGA is the main part of system and the key of system design, and in this paper, we expatiate in detail the design process of its internal circuit, list its principle chart and emulation figure. In the aspect of software, we adopt C language to compile singlechip program in order to improve readability and transplantation of program, and we use VB and Delphi language to compile data processing software in order to take full advantage of their merit. In the end of this paper, we present the process of system debug to validate the function of system that we want to achieve.Practice testifies this DAS runs stably, completes prearrange task.