Ethics Problem And Overcoming The Route To Study Of The Media

With the arrival of technical revolution of information dissemination, worldwide mass media is unprecedentedly prosperous, people get used to the role of media in political , economic and the social life already, " the truth of society " replaced by" the truth of media ", " fictitious environment " has replaced " the realistic environment ". However, the media, as the melting outside of technology, is a kind of true social being thing . Media technology value orientation in tool often can cause media technology and ethics estranged, technological reason and value rational division, make their become the catabolic necessity of media among one's own, human nature and society.In the face of the multiple alienation of the media, many scholars have already had treatises to relate to more or less, but the method that they mostly adopt the fact and judge, use the describing language, relate to surface to be relatively narrow while analyzing its origin cause of formation, this cause media research of ethics not deep enough. In fact," media research of ethics should possess suitable' yuans of philosophy', depth of yuans of ethics ', as to media ethics some concept and category of discipline , some scholar make some' yuans of philosophy' explain, in addition, so far as the present, media ethics needs a method , here is not the method of the media discipline of ethics constructs, but it is a value judgement method. The disappearance of this value judgement method , make media ethics have difficulty in taking a step while proving its principle and normal legitimacy. "In view of this, this article is trying to use a value judgement method, proceed from human nature of the media subject , analyze human nature origin , political origin , economic origin, system origin that the ethics problem of the media exists, and then introduce the media ethics " should be right".First of all, speaking from the human nature, natural instinct of people is profit. When the favourable composition in human nature is excessive to swell, and the rationalmeans of restraining from is excessive to soften, or it is insufficient in effective supply to promote the ethical rational means of the factor of the human nature, the ethics problem of the media will rise of itself.Secondly, politically, the media exists as a kind of technological means, therefore,it loads the multiple value judgement, of which the most important reason lies that the media is controlled and restricted by politics. Under certain social organizational system, if national benefit and the people's interests that it safeguards keep unanimity, the interests conflict or ethics problem then can not exist between the two, but when the national benefit safeguarded by it and the people's interests can't keep identical, the interests conflict will present between the two, at this moment, the media will present ethical bias.Moreover, economically , the transformation from the unified field to the separated field impels the economic function of the media prominent day by day. Under market economy systerms, the prominent economic function of the media offers the new possibility of ethics problem. From the viewpoint of microeconomics, in the economic activity of the media, the media subject is the so-called " economic people " of reason. The only motive and the basic goal of the media economic activity lies in realizing its economic benefits' maximization. In China, the media industry is the important component of socialist state's cultural undertakings, media national property of ownership determine that the media subject can only represent the people's fundamental interests. However, there is someone that is influenced by western thoughts, today of commercialization of media , industrialization , grouping, they can't hold oneself effectively, and cause them to ignore the fundamental interests of the interviewee , audience and society, for maximization of one's own utility, so that the ethics problem of the media appears. Trace it to its cause, this kind of ethics problem of the media subject mainly comes from weighing to its behavioral cost and income of main body of media. Among them, the basic point weighed mainly lies in two following respects: First, one's own corresponding power brought by work of own job, second, the probability punished of ethics problem is found.Finally, speaking from the system, the media system is the mainly determiningstrength that the media subject chooses immoral behavioral. When the media subject is in carrying on behavior choice , if a certain " risk " that behavioral choice brings is greater than " the income " , the media subject can do, no matter the behavior is ethical or not immoral. On the contrary, if" income " that this behavioral choice brings is greater than " the risk ", then, the media subject can do, no matter the behavior is ethical or not immoral. Media subject regards difference of" risk " and " income " brought under the stipulations of the media system as playing chess principle to choose his behavioral one. So when the economic and politics system is out-of-balance, and the media ethics system effective supply is insufficient or softening, the ethics problem of the media is thereupon the appearance.Under the existing social material living condition, in order to overcome the ethics problem of the media, realize the rational involution of the media, at first, we must follow the following ethics principles , for instance community responsibility principle , true principle , objective principle , just principle , kindhearted principle ,etc. Secondly , to overcome the ethics problem of the media , and to realize media reason replies and returns ,there are several concrete routes . First , to implement the right of the speech press freedom of good media conscientiously is the prerequisite and foundation of overcoming the ethics problem of the media, and realizing of the rational involution of media;Second , to strengthen the form of disciplining by others of the media and to improve the corresponding media law or system is to control by " hard " to media employees, and is the bottom line ethics of the media activity;Third , to strengthen the self-containment of media employees and to implement the melting inside of media ethics is to control by " soft "to media employee, and is high to require to media employee;Fourth ,to implement media ethics to educate media employees and realize the disciplining by others of the media and unity contained by oneself is the final temporary lodging to overcome the ethics problem of the media and realize of the rational involution of media. These kinds of ways are combined together, especially disciplining by others and self-containment of the media complement each other, which could guarantee more effectively the absorption of social major value of main body of themedia.