Research On Data-aggregation-oriented Multi-hop Routing Protocol Based On Clustering

At present, Wireless Sensor Networks have been widely used in military reconnaissance, environmental science, medicine and health, industrial automation, geological disasters and so on. In farmland soil monitor control system based on Wireless Sensor Networks, the numbers of sensor nodes are numerours, in which the energy is limited, and the regional environmen is complex, so the study of the energy-efficiency mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks has been of the vital significance. The thesis focused on the routing protocol based on clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks combinging the low power requirements of the system. The aim was to reduce the energy consumption of nodes and extend the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks.The main contributions included the following:Firstly, the routing protocols based on clustering and the data fusion technologies in Wireless Sensor Networks were analyzed. It summarized researching status in the current, classified and compared them.Secondly, the farmland soil monitor system was designed.Thirdly, a highly energy-efficient hierarchical routing protocol was proposed to solve the lack of communication between the cluster heads, which selected candidate nodes according to a new factor.Fourthly, for the lack of clustering algorithm, this thesis presented an adaptive routing algorithm based on neural network, which selected the cluster head by the adaptive learning of neural network on Base Station, choosed the next hop in the shortest path by the optimal value of the weighting function and added a new factor to select the gateway nodes for communication among cluster heads. So it avoided from the cluster head nodes becoming a network bottleneck.Fifthly, to solve the deficiency of being suitable for static routing and holding the all the information of nodes to rout, a data aggregation scheme based on potential field of clustering was proposed. It introduced potential field into the cluster and hybrid potential field between the sink and cluster heads (CH) to aggregate data. What's more, CH could make full use of the local information to make the routing decisions rapidly. So it could reduce the energy consumption of cluster heads and extend the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks.Sixthly, the three protocols were simulated in network lifetime and energy consumption of nodes by MATLAB and NS2, respectively. The results shew that the proposed energy efficient routing protocol in further improved energy efficiency of the operation mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks. So the thesis provided useful exploration for the study of energy mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks.