The Research On Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks are one of the sensor networks which is low energy consumption and inexpensive. Sensor nodes in network are dense and numerous, and all of them are parted in extensive area. The topology structure of wireless sensor networks is dynamic. An important bottleneck in the operation of sensor nodes is available energy. Sensors usually rely on their battery for power, which in many cases cannot be recharged or replaced. Cluster based hierarchical routing protocol is one of the best solutions and widely used in wireless sensor networks.Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol (LEACH) is a kind of classical levels routing protocol based on clusters, suitable for the wireless sensor network that active, and network topology not changes frequently. As the first level routing protocols, initial design of LEACH is detail and intact, there are many levels routing protocols are the improvement and optimization of LEACH. Therefore, LEACH has high value in the research of wireless sensor networks.Based on the introduction of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN),we studied and analyzed recent routing protocols for WSN, as well as a comparison with some representative protocols. We improved the performance of the hierarchical clustering LEACH algorithm. LEACH assumes that all nodes can transmit with enough power to reach the Sink node if needed, therefore, it is only applicable to network deployed in a small region and the distance of transmission doesn't allow being very long. The paper improved LEACH, and proved that improved LEACH routing protocol can prolong the network lifetime. First, the improved protocol was considered of the node location, the residual energy factors in the selection of cluster-heads selection method. Second, the paper considered of the relationship of the nodes' data, reduced the data of communication. Third, the improved algorithm strengthened the communication network expansibility through cluster Multi-hops. The results which simulated on the matlab show that:The implementation of new solution is able to prolong the lifetime of the network and make the distribution of dead heads more reasonable.