On The Study Of The Book Of War In The Warring States Period

Spring period of the warring states period,China ideological circle enter the era of axial period. Social order is broken and the culture, political and ideology into the warring states from upper nobility, which is the historical background for learning of officials of Imperial Court transforming all schools, also is the historical conditions for rising of bachelor stratum.From the aspects of social system, the reason why all classes of authors rose is that, one is economic system change, one is innovation of political relations and writing of characters facilitation. Bachelor stratum is the taking cultural hit, who is derived from the intellectuals down and lower subaltern rising.Shangshu is the political education book and all classes of authors quote Shangshu when they talk about politics. Mo-tse, Mencius, Chuang-tzu, Xuncius, Han Feizi, Lvshi Chunqiu, the six books have quoted Shangshu, so they can reflect the features in different schools.Mo-tse is the book quoting Shangshu most except Zuozhuang, and reference situation is complex. Ten theories are the essential theories of Mohist School. Mo-tse quoting Shangshu is different from the biography text, for the reason is that Mohist School has Shangshu text independent of Confucian, so showing a different circulating face.Mencius interpreted Shangshu literary content excessively, section lead text, rewrite the sentences, and as the history basis for talk about politics, which inherited the interpreting out of context in fact, and is a common habit refering to ancient books. Shangshu sequence is related to Mencius, which can help to conclude the writing age.Chuang-tzu quotes Shangshu in Tiandao, Tianyun, Daozhi and Zaiyou, discussing Shangshu in Tiandao, Tianyun, Xuwugui and Tianxia. Chuang-tzu discussing Shangshu include in the scope of Hexastichs, and mainly emphasized Hexastichs keynote. Shangshu describe the history of both,this view have a far-reaching influence.Xuncius has a unique point of view about Shangshu from quoting and reference. Xuncius has two characteristics discussing Shangshu, and Xuncius quoting Shangshu to paraphrase the statement, from the original meaning. This is deconstruction for Confucian tradition text of church and state, and has the function of sublime words with deep meaning.Han Feizi quoting Shangshu has three ways: clearly quoting, allusion and discussing. For the clearly quoting, there are four essays, and four for the allusion. For the discussing Shangshu,Heshi name together Shijing and Shangshu, Jianjieshichen commend “deceased emperors’ book”,which is Han Feizi’s words talking about the book’s effect.Lvshi Chunqiu’s quoting forms is not stick to one pattern, for name Xiashu, Shangshu,Zhoushu, or name book’s title, or shortened form “Shu”, or mix as historical events. Lvshi Chunqiu is different from Luguo’s text, which has a strong link with region.Tsinghua Jane advance Shangshu study to a new stage. Some academic question arrive a solution thanks to Baoxun and Jinteng.Shangshu as the document literature in ancient time, contains abundant political education thought. All classes of authors in Warring States quote Shangshu as the academic theory for seizing political power. Through the study on Shangshu in Warring States, we can comprehensively understand the book’s features; investigate versions difference, combing the transmission in Spring and Autumn Period. Under the background of Shangshu traditional education, the study on interpretation, evolution and development of Shangshu tradition can reflect the inheritance and enrich for Shangshu ideology in Spring and Autumn period, also reveal the open role for Qin and Han Dynasties.