| Satellite data collection system has a wider and wider application in clime, energy source, politics, military fields. The tsunami which was happened in South-Asia 2004 had made lots of people lost their life and property. Nowadays, how to establish effective prediction systems is a hot topic in the world. There are a great deal of mine-resources in northwest area of china, which is unmanned. In order to make use of these mine-resources, we should research these areas, collect and analyze data of these areas for a long time first. Anti-terrorism campaign in the world is faced with a new challenge. Nations in the world are researching to build a system as safe as possible at the cost as low as possible. In addition, how to collect information efficiently is an important issue in military area. Satellite data collection system has an unique advantage in these fields.Satellite data collection system use a synchronous satellite as relay station, equipment processing a large amount of data as central station, lots of sub-station as data collection systems, plus appropriate protocol, it can collect, transfer, analyze, store data. It can work all-weather, unmanned, high-precisely. It is especially suitable for bad-climate, wide-area, long-time application environment. After installation and debugging, it almost need not to maintain, so is very economic. It makes use of satellite communication which can work in long distance and is not sensitive to terrain. In a word, satellite data collection system has a bright future.This dissertation is based on author's work in sub-station research and expatiates sub-station base-band signal processing, including sub-station architecture, scrambler and descrambler, difference coding and decoding, figuration filter, channel coding and decoding. The hardware platform is FPGA of Xilinx corp. Channel coding is (2, 1, 6) convolution code and decoding is Viterbi decoding. Viterbi is the most important part of this dissertation.
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