A Study On Target And Its Realization Of Enlarging Enrollment In Universities Since The Establishment Of China

Higher educational reform is the activity to change obsolete thoughts about higher education consciously and unreasonable phenomenon during the developing process of higher education according to the expectant target through various policies, tactics and measures. Realization of the reform target is influenced by the politics, the economy, the culture and so on, meanwhile, the quality of the expectant target itself is also a critical factor.Higher education has gone forward in the zigzag and developed in the rise and fall since the establishment of China. Under the different backgrounds, four times of large-scale enlarging enrollments in universities were proposed and implemented. It satisfied people's desire for accepting higher education and promoted the development of higher education, on the other hand, it also brought a series of questions. Combing all previous targets of enlarging enrollments in universities and the condition of their implemention, it would be discovered that there were certain distances between the realistic results and the expectant targets. The reasons effecting the realization of the expectant target mainly were: the expectant target's formulation would effect the realization of the target, including the political powers, the economy and the pressure of matriculation and so on; the quality of the expectant target itself would effect the realization of the target, including the target's external expression, the target's theoretical level, the target's operational level; the expectant target's implementation would effect the realization of the targets, including the economy, the uncertainty of the political activities, the executor's deviate understanding for the expectant target and be lack of evaluation of the expectant target's implementation.Facing the disparity between the expectant targets and the realistic results, we mustn't stand by as a spectator and can't give up the reform. Only to treat the reform rationally, to ponder the targets calmly and to seek for development during the reform can it guarantee the realization of the targets as possible. From the angle of the target's formulation, firstly, it needs to establish a transparent decision-making process of target; secondly, to expand the information channel; thirdly, to improve the separate condition between "policy-making culture" and "academic culture" ; fourthly, to seek for the balance between qualities and amounts. From the angle of the target's implementation, it needs to strengthen evaluation from the social intermediary institutions and make clear the contents of the evaluation.