| Intensive exercise-induced immnodepression has been gradually recognized by the fields of sports and medicine, and its developing mechanisms have been gradually discovered as well. There are a lot of evidences about the changes of whole lymphocytes or their subsets in the circulation, and about their functions, while most of which aimed to investigate the transformation before or after just one prolonged exercise. In the present study, the functional activity of T lymphocyte immunity in spleen were explored in rats having a 6-week strength-increasing training at various time points, including before exercise, just after exercise and post-exercise 3h. In addition, subgroups of T lymphocytes were also investigated, which involved the counts of CD4~+, CD8~+ lymphocytes and the percentage of CD4~+/CD8~+. Based on all above studies, the features of T lymphocytes' and their subsets' response and adaptation on the formation and development of exercised-induced immunodepression could be observed. And it capable to provide the theoretical evidences for the exercised-mediated immunological regulation.The subjects were randomly divided into the rest group, just after exercise group, and 3hours group. The samples of Week0, Week2, Week4 and Week6, were taken before exercise, just after exercise, post-exercise 3h,respectively. The immune parameters included the stimulation index of T lymphocyte, and CD4~+%,CD8~+%,CD4~+/CD8~+ ratio. These parameters were analyzed so as to observe the tendency of immune alteration and the responsive and recovery mechanism of immune function after incremental exercise.72 Female rats were randomly divided into 12 groups. Subjects executed incremental ergo meter exercise and continued 6 weeks. After exercise, compared with the natural recovery the rest group, just after exercise group, and 3h group of each week intra and week inter.The training intensity was incremental, starting with 10m/min in week0, week1 is 20 m/min, then,increased 5m/min each week, ending with 40m/min in the sixth week.30min/day, 6day/week.Suggested:1. After a 2-week strength-increasing training, the proliferating ability of lymphocyte just after exercise or at post-exercise 3h decreased obviously compared with those in rest group, and the difference was significant(P<0.01). The percentage of CD4~+/CD8~+ was also significantly descended(P<0.01), which suggested that the intensive exercise induced the impaired immunological competence. However, as for the 4-week strength-increasing training, both the T lymphocyte's proliferating ability and the percentage of CD4~+/CD8~+ were evidently elevated(P<0.01), demonstrating the gradual adaptation of the body to the incremental exercise and the response of cellular immunity to the stimulation of the present exercise load was made for a positive accelerating recovery. Finally, when the 6-week strength-increasing training was performed, the activity of lymphocyte just after exercise reduced, but it continued to decrease after post-exercise 3h's time of recovery. The diverse tendency for the percentage of CD4~+/CD8~+ at rest, just after exercise and at post-exercise 3h presented the shape of the inversed"v"letter, which disclosed that the body's immunity was not repaired instead of being decreased to the lowest level and the immunological balance was destroyed. From this point, the body's immune competence indicated a changing process of being decreased first, then repaired partially, and finally reduced again.2. The changing tendency of T lymphcyte's proliferating ability and the percentage of CD4~+/CD8~+ after WK0,WK2,WK4's exercise training were decreased just after exercise, and were repaired in part at post-exercise 3h. But the tendency of 6-week strength-increasing training was properly opposite, which indicated the total lymphocyte's proliferating ability at various weeks showed the descending tendency, especially in the group just after exercise. Therefore, the proliferating response of splenic lymphocyte in rat to the stimulation of ConA decreased obviously, but presenting a gradually slow velocity.3. Prolonged strenuous exercise caused a decrease of the percentage of CD4~+/CD8~+, and the response of CD4~+ lymphocyte to exercise was more sensitive than that of CD8~+ cells.
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