The Discussion On The Change Of Subjectivity Scale Of Karl Marx

Subjectivity thought with its rich theoretical forms has been displayed in the process of historical development. It changed from the ancient Greek ontological subject to modern epistemological rational subject, to subject thought of practice come up with Karl Marx. In recent thirty years, Chinese scholars warmly discussed about subjectivity. And most of them tend to notice the meanings or principles of subjectivity. Only they described the subjectivity thought from the dimension of its content. Few scholars think about the premise of subjectivity based on the internal logic evolution of western philosophy. They ignored the element of subjectivity scale.Subjectivity refers to the premise thinking on how the subjectivity could appear. That is to reflect the construction of subjectivity, which is placed on what the relationship between subject and object. Only under the inspection on the subject's own nature can the relationship be clarified. Thus the thinking of subjectivity content derivatives from it has profound philosophical meaning. Ancient Greek philosophy using ontological ways of thinking to highlight human subjectivity through constructing unity relations between experiential world and transcendental world; Modern epistemological philosophy liberated human from the restrictions of God in the middle ages through by constructing the unity relations between thinking and existing. Germany's classical philosophy, logically constructing idealism system, has made human subjectivity the unity. Eventually, it has been finished in the spectacle of Hegel's reflective idealistic philosophy. However, the subjectivity's every ascension and progress is in the basis of changing the original relationship between subject and object and re-establishing the relationship between the two. Furthermore, the premise of every transformation must cause for the reposition of "subjectivity scale".Marx fully realized that the subjectivity raised from rational field can only be abstract and far from the reality. Only in reality the subjectivity can get fulfilled, which is the basic task of the philosophy. Hence, Marx reviewed the dialectical relationship of subjectivity in the view of practice. He changed the rational subjectivity to sensible one, and epistemic object to transformational object. He renovated the cognitive relationship between subject and object to practicality of them. He altered world history from the cognitive knowing the world to transform the world. He librated the comprehensive real freedom from the pursuit of the abstract reason. So the essence of Marx's philosophical revolution is to renovate the traditional relationship "scale" between subject and object on practice. And it finally realized fundamental subversion to the orthodox western ontological philosophy.