Research On The Semantic Relation Of Predicate-object In Xunzi

The Spring and Autumn and Warring State Period is a very important period in the history of ancient Chinese language development process. Xunzi which is one of pre-Qing dynasty traditional classic works is rich in language characteristics. The articles in it are perfectly from the realities and have wide knowledge, which apparently reflect the basic features of Chinese in pre-Qing dynasty. Predicate-object structure in the ancient Chinese has so complex meanings that it is still a tough task for the grammar researchers to see clearly the complicated meaning relationships.With the development of grammar research, the predicate-object structure has been focused on in the area of Chinese grammar study. Predicate is the core of a sentence while the predicate-object structure is the heart of the predicate so it has great significance to study the predicate-object structure. Studying the P-O structures in XunZi which includes a large number of those structures is a good way to understand this book and help to have a further understanding of features of language in Zhan kingdom. Being a certain book grammar studying, this paper intensively focuses on studying the meaning relationship of P-O structure including five parts.The part of the introduction mainly focuses on the life and methods of Xunzi, and the transferring versions and the present studying of whose book has the same name. There is no studying of the predicate-object structures in Xunzi. This part is the preparation of the materials for the whole paper.The first chapter mainly discusses the relationship between the structure and the meaning of the predicate-object structures. In the area of predicate-object structures, the writer introduces the relationships among predicate and object, predicate-object structures, and the structure of verb-complement while in the studying of meaning of the predicate-object structures, the writer mainly states the present studying of predicate-object structures, the reasons of diversity about predicate-object structures, the identity of predicate-object structures, meaning relationship of predicate-object structures, and the relationship of active using of verbs. This part is the thesis direction of the paper.The second chapter is the description of predicate in Xunzi. According to gender of the words, there are verb predicate, noun predicate, adjective predicate, and number predicate. According to the difference of meaning, verb predicate can be departed into action verb, division verb, statement verb, and present verb, while the action verb can be divided into abstractive and consent ones.The third chapter mainly studies object. In this part, the writer describes the object in Xunzi from structure elements and meaning roles of objects.The forth chapter mainly focuses on the diversity of predicate-object structures. This part is the key point of this paper. The writer divides the predicate-object structures in Xunzi into dominative, actuate, conation, similar, adjust, present, reason, aim, resort, passivity, space-time, comparative meaning relationships and so on. There are different ideas about the divisions and definitions of them, but it does not influence on understanding the nature of it.In the part of conclusion, the writer compares the diversity of predicate-object structures in Xunzi, Xunzi and the modern Chinese, and concludes: the language of human can be developed with the developments of the thoughts and expresses the tendency of accurate day by day.The semantic relation of predicate–object structure is complex and diversity. The article is based on Xunzi which is enclosing researched to disclose the chief constant of classical Chinese semantic relation of predicate-object structure. The article does a concrete analysis which discloses semantic relation of verb-object structure of classical Chinese from all the aspects to build up the grammar system of classical Chinese and improve teaching efficiency. And it's helpful to wholly reflect the language of Xunzi from a certain point section and aspect to complete the research the history of Chinese grammar.