Study On The Predicate And Object Structure In YanTieLun

This author makes a systematic study on the predicate and object structure in YanTieLun from the aspects of predicate, object, semantic relationship of them. The thesis consists of five parts:Firstly, the predicate in YanTieLun. From the syntactical functions and morphological features point of view, this author divides the predicate in YanTieLun into verbs predicate, nouns predicate, adjectives predicate. Because the verbs predicate is the important part among them, the author makes it the focal point, and divides it into six categories: the action verbs predicate, state verbs predicate, modal verbs predicate, sense perception verbs predicate and so on. Then on basis of the meaning, these big categories are divided into many small categories. The action verbs predicate is divided into thirteen small categories: produce category verbs predicate, commerce verbs predicate, daily life verbs predicate and so on.Secondly, the object in YanTieLun. From the syntactical functions and morphological features point of view, this author divides the object in YanTieLun into nouns object, pronouns object, verbs object, adjectives object and so on. From its meaning, the nouns object includes people and thing nouns object, location nouns object, time nouns object; from its structure, the nouns object includes individual word, compound word and noun phrase. Pronouns object can be divided into personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun and interrogative pronoun. Generally, verbs object and adjectives object transfers the things interrelated, both of them are divided into small categories to statistics and analyses according to their structures. Quantity object is also excessive. Because measure words aren't flourishing in ancient, frequently, there is only single numeral. In addition, this chapter also involves other structure objects, for example, subject and predicate phrases, sentences are used as objects.Thirdly, the single object and couple object in YanTieLun. This part carries on discuss from the amount of the objects point of view. With regard to the single object, this author discusses the relationship between object and action: object mainly expresses the action's reception, the target involved and the place of the conduct, also it can explain the reason of the action, the existence, the appearance, the disappearance of the thing. About the couple objects, beginning with their types, this author divided them into giving type, seizing type, naming type, instructing type, place type and quantity type. At the same time, the couple object can transfer each other with the other structure.Fourthly, the putting front of the object in YanTieLun. This is inspected from the place of the object. Generally, the object is putted behind of the predicate. But the pronouns object is often putted in front of the predicate in interrogative sentence and negative sentence. In addition, because of some particular requirement, object usually is putted front. At the moment, often take advantage of particular pronouns to repeat the object, for example, the "wei", the "shi", the "zhi" and so on.Fifthly, the semantic relationship between predicate and object in YanTieLun. The semantic relationship of them is mainly budgeting and be budgeted, the action or movement is acted on their own and directly affects, directly involves passive one under no any outside force. Because the grammar structure is single relatively in ancient language, the same structure frequently expresses many different semantic relationships. In the third section, this author stresses the particular relationship between predicate and object: making somebody or something act, considering somebody or something as the other somebody or something, acting for somebody or something, acting opposite somebody or something and acting because of somebody or something.In short, this book----YanTieLun, its vocabulary is abundant, its sentence structure is compound, especially, the predicate and object structure contains many semantic relationships. This author's statistics and analyses to it, has some practical signification. Of course, there are many amiss, respectfully please teachers and classmates criticize and put out the mistakes.