A Comparative Study Of The Second Personal Pronoun In Chinese And Japanese

IntroductionIn Chinese and Japanese, the use of form personal pronoun has a big difference. About this matter, the thesis mainly compare and study the second personal pronoun from expressing the meaning of"intimate"and"impolite"on the basis of achievement before.1.Definition of personal pronoun and the use of the second personal pronoun at present1.1 Definition of personal pronoun and sort of the second personal pronoun in Chinese and JapaneseThe definition of personal pronoun is no big difference in Chinese and Japanese. There are three sorts of personal pronoun,the first refers to the speaker;the second refers to the listener;the third refers to others. But in Chinese and Japanese, the quantities of second personal pronoun have a big difference. In Chinese ,there are only two words , that is"Ni"and"Nin", yet in Japanese , there are lot.1.2 Comparison on using frequency of the second personal pronoun in Chinese and Japanese.From the investigation, there is a big difference, the second personal pronoun is more used in Chinese and less used in Japanese.2. Involvement of the second personal pronoun in Chinese and Japanese2.1 History generation of second personal pronoun2.2 Involvement in ChineseThe involvement of"Ni"and"Nin"is related to the meaning of intimate.2.3 Involvement in JapaneseIn Japanese history , the second personal pronoun meaning become impolite one by one. Some meaning become to express the meaning crude and abuse.From the history, we learned that the involvement of second personal pronoun is involving by intimate relationship of attitude to the listener in Chinese,yet Japanese is involving by the center of crude degree. 3. Brown and Gilman's theory of"Power and Solidarity"and the use of the second personal pronoun.3.1 Brown and Gilman's theory of"Power and Solidarity"In Europe,the difference of using the second personal pronoun is stated by two ways. One is T-form another is V-form. These two forms are related to the relation of speaker and listener. The former is used on the different class ---"power semantics"and the latter is used on the same class–"solidarity semantics".The Brown and Gilman study influence deeply the following study of the second personal pronoun. The writer summarize the theory of"Power and Solidarity"and history involvement ,and get the following hypothesis and regard these hypothesis is true:①The speaker want to express the intimate meaning to the listener in Chinese②The speaker want to express the impolite meaning to the listener in Japanese3.2 Investigation of using the second personal pronoun through TV and Film3.2.1 Method of investigationⅠThe sorts and quantities of the second personal pronoun. ?The use under the relation of speaker and listene(r①Sex,②Age ,③Class and Standpoint)ⅡThe use in three scenes (①at Home,②between the Leader and Subsidiary,③between the Older and Younger)ⅢWhat kind of expression does the speaker want to given to the listener in Japanese3.2.1 Investigating ,analyzing results3.2.2.1 The investigating results of using the second personal pronounIn Japanese, we will see the limited use of the second personal pronoun between male and female and between leader and subsidiary,as the second personal pronoun is used to ask the listener directly, so let the listener feel impolite; but in Chinese , there is no limitation.3.2.2.2 In three scene , the use of the second personal pronoun.In Japanese , it is seldom using the second personal pronoun when the subsidiary speak with his leader, yet in Chinese ,it will be often used. 3.2.2.3 In Japanese , the second personal pronoun includes impolite and unhappy meaning.From the questionnaire, personal pronoun have the meaning of impolite and unhappy. From way to ask the listener directly, it is easy to let the listener feel whether your relationship is too close or far.Through history involvement and actual use, we can compare and study the difference use of second personal pronoun in Chinese and Japanese by expression of polite and impolite meaning. If we study the second personal pronoun by emotion, we will understand better.