"Yizhoushu" Pronounsin

Yi Zhou Shu, the compilation of historical documents in the Zhou Dynasty, is an important book of the Pre-Qin Dynasty. In history, because the source was unclear, the literature value of the Yi Zhou Shu did not get sufficient attention. Over the past30years, the value of Yi Zhou Shu gradually has been recognized by researchers and there has been a lot of research about the book. However, it is still not enough to study the vocabulary of the book, especially pronouns. Therefore, there is still a lot of space for people to study the pronouns of Yi Zhou Shu.We investigate into the pronouns in Yi Zhou Shu as exhaustively as possible and classify the pronouns one by one. We determine the characteristics of the pronouns in Yi Zhou Shu through qualitative and quantitative analysis. They are divided into three groups which constitute the whole pronoun system:personal pronoun, demonstrative pronoun and interrogative pronoun. The personal pronoun is divided into three parts:the first person pronoun, the second person pronoun and the third person pronoun. The thesis studies the quantity, frequency, sentence function and the single, plural of them. The thesis divides the demonstrative pronouns of Yi Zhou Shu into:the near demonstrative pronoun, the distant demonstrative pronoun, the indefinite demonstrative pronoun and the implicit demonstrative pronoun. We study the quantity, frequency and sentence function of them. In order to summary characteristics of the interrogative pronoun, we also research the quantity, frequency, inquiry function and sentence function of them.In addition to these, the thesis researches the pronoun through diachronic analysis and depiction. In order to summary characteristics of the pronoun in Yi Zhou Shu, we compare Yi Zhou Shu with Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen Shangshu. Compared with Oracle Bone Inscriptions, we find that the member of the Yi Zhou Shu pronouns has increased. For example, the first person pronoun has developed the new one’wu(吾)’；the second person pronoun has developed the new ones, such as’er(尔)、nai(乃)、er(而)、ruo(若)’and so on. And pronouns grammatical function has been enriched greatly. For example, in Oracle Bone Inscriptions,nai(乃)can only be used as attributive component. However, in Yi Zhou Shu, in addition to attributive component, it can be used as subject, appositive and so on. Compared with Jinwen Shangshu, we find that pronouns in Yi Zhou Shu also have its own unique characteristics. For example,’wu(吾)’in Jinwen Shangshu can only allege the singular, but’wu(吾)’in Yi Zhou Shu can allege not only the singular, but also the plural;’zi(兹)’is the high-frequency pronoun among the near demonstrative pronoun in Jinwen Shangshu, however, the number and proportion of’zi(兹)’has declined significantly in Yi Zhou Shu. The most important inquiry function of interrogative pronouns is to ask methods in Jinwen Shangshu, however, in Yi Zhou Shu, it is the most important inquiry function of interrogative pronouns to ask reasons. The longitudinal comparisons can not only help us to grasp and summarize the rules of pronouns in Yi Zhou Shu more accurately, but also help us to apprehend the development and changes of pronouns in Pre-Qin. By this way, we can do some basic jobs for the research of history of Chinese language.