Research On Cao Xun's Folk Songs And Ballads

Cao Zu was good on comical Ci and got a big famous at that time. But his son Cao Xun opposited to him. Because influenced by Confucianism trend, Cao Xun had the conscious that worried about human's sufferings and country's destine. Cao Xun's poetry was cherished by his relatives, so nearly no body knew .Qian Zhongshu judged the Cao Xun's poetry had no characterist .That was why his value had been buried in literature history. But Mr. Qian even realized Cao's poems value, that was the poems written when he served as an envoy abroad to Jin Country."Jin people gave the whole Song dynasty with galling shame and humiliation and heavy injury. These emissaries deeply remembered this when this injury had not been cured. These emissaries saw clearly their old home, but couldn't acquaintant these relatives who governed by enemies. It was so angry and distressed that occurred a new boundary in the poems."2Any more, Cao Xun was the first poet to write it. But these phenomenon didn't reflect in Po Yang Poetry written by Hong Hao who served as an envoy abroad earlier ten years than Cao Xun.Cao Xun was the first poet that wrote in his classical folk songs and ballads about the tears and blood of the people trending to the south when Jingkang Event occurred.This thesis has four chapters.In the first chapter, I draw on Cao Xun's life and his political idea, especially introducing his political life and idea. Considering different situation, Cao Xun first agreed war, and then disposed. During the Jingkang Event, he approved to war that expressed his loyal; when South Song was safe in small territory, he favored the peace expressing his kindheartedness to the people. In the second chapter, I discuss Cao Xun's literature idea. Cao Xun's poems and essays for satirize. His style of Ci was refined. That was why he was differ from his father. Especially he was fond of creating the folk songs and ballads, because his literature idea in them. In this chapter, I mainly analyse the reasons why Cao Xun wrote so many folk songs and ballads. The first reason was that there was climax about writing folk songs and ballads during the mid and late North Song; another reason was the times. South Song dynasty was safe in short period,just ending the Jingkang disturbance and welcoming the transient peace. This time need folk songs and ballads to satirize, to pass on the sufferings of people and sing the justice of the politic. The third reason was that as a type of writing, folk songs and ballads was of strong realistic and criticize and long history. So Cao Xun could explicitly express his stand for his politics and literature by the aid of folk songs and ballads.The third chapter is followed the second one tensely. In this chapeter,I choose the whole of Cao Xun's folk songs and ballads as a text, and then summarize their main contains. Cao Xun's folk songs and ballads were rich in subjects, including eight kinds: morality, war, hero, miss, life, emotion, things and customs. In this thesis I concretely analyse the kind of war, not only it can reflect Cao Xun's mercy and kind to people, but also can reflect the mentality of people at that times. Besides it can reflect the feature of folk songs and ballads, that's to say, its realistic and criticize functions.In the forth chapter, I comment on the artistic style of Cao Xun's folk songs and ballads. There were three artistic styles: having preface, simple language, succinct allusion. All of them inherited and returned to folk songs and ballads of Han Dynasty.At last, in the conclution, I draw two points about Cao Xun's folk songs and ballads'value. Firstly, Cao Xun was the one to thoroughly inherit the spirit of the Han folk songs and ballads among the poets during the Song dynasty. Secondly, Cao Xun had the aware of Confucianism in writing, it was earlier than Yang Weizhen who lived in Ming dynasty.