Politics In The Period Of Emperor Daoguang And Xianfeng And Qi Junzao's Administration Of Late Qing Dynasty

DaoGuang and XiabFeng two dynasties are the beginning of the course that Chinese feudal society transformed to semi-colony and semifeudal social. After the Opium War, the hard ship of western big powers bombarded open the door of China, domestic class contradiction intensified national peasant revolt. National and class contradictions at the same time went up , made the internal contradiction of ruling class also aggravate unprecedentedly, political situation along with these contradictions' development and change presented the tendency of consussion, the declining tendency of Qing dynasty's dominance was exposed obviously. In the course of saving Qing dynasty declining fate ,though not lack of the voice of learning from the West, developing capitalist, but its force was weak , self was also hesitating , its main stream was still" with Yi dealing with Yi"," commending the genius ", (jie cai sheng xing) that were the traditional general policies. The insister of this main stream policy, its main par still were the bureaucratics and intellectuals that received Ru study's influence. During Dao Guang and Xian Feng, Qi JUnzao who took charge of the leading minister is the representative of this kind of intellectuals, was also the actively maintenance of this main stream reformation.It is Very obviously these views and policies had fallen behind the situation, and could not change basically the fate of Qing dynasty. But under the objective situation at that time,these made the role of stabilizing political situation. This thesis attempts to reveal then political situation through the analysis of Qi Junzao's political activities and thought in Dao Guang and Xian Feng era, explain the intellectuals of the Confucianist the role in this period.Except of the preface, the text main consists of three parts and epilog, the first part studies Qi Junzao's foreignal affairs's activities, as main activities of Qing court, the management to foreignal affairs was a good mirror of Qing court's changes. Through these changes, we are able to discover the super decision's advantage and disadvantage, and the political authority's fluctent. the text points out that the rulers of Qing Dynasty opposed in nature to the invasion of western colonial nations, so, Qi Junzao's political status in his latter period had the great matter with his attitude of adherence to fighting actively back in opium war. The second part discuss the reasons that Qi Junzao went through Jin Shi, in accordance to a few aboriginal viewpoints, it checks and analysess the aboriginal materials, and at last gets it's immanent reasons that are not the popular viewpoints at all in history circle, and it is largely the result of Man and Han controdiction. The thrice part analyses Qi Junzao's political ideal, and studies his metaphysics ideal Min Ben ideal\ Confcius Sect status, we get the conclusion that Qi Junzao was the leader of intellectuals at that time. in epilog , the text studies simply Qi Junzao's restatus in the early period of Tong Zhi, it made a good political and tactical basis for renascence of Tong Guang.