On The Usage Of The Transferring Of Predicate Words In Archaic Chinese

The transferring of predicate words in ancient Chinese, is defined as the grammar phenomenon that the predicate components such as the verb, adjective and phrases of verbs and/or adjectives, which are equivalent to nouns in function, are identified with relevant persons or things in archaic Chinese context. This paper studies it deeply on the basis of forefathers' research.Besides the preface and the conclusion , the main body of the paper consists of five parts:The first part is introduction of the transferring of the predicate words and the semantic changing of them. This part points out, primarily, the phenomenon of the predicate words transferring in archaic Chinese and analyzes briefly the semantic changing after the transferring happened.The second part is about three kinds of the predicate words transferring------temporary transferring, fixed transferring and concurrent transferring.The third part is about the targets of predicate transferring. Predicate may transfer to many kinds of targets, including agent, object, party, place, tool, and participant.The forth part is about the division forms of The transferring of predicate words.Because some new grammar means acting as the transferring have come into being in archaic Chinese, the function of components of predicate words has a tendency to dividing and rising up in the dominance from the recessive. The division forms can be described from four respects :(1 preferring to the target of transferring by "zhe(者)" and "suo(所)"; (2).specifying the target of transferring with the noun ;(3).the changing of the forms of the characters; (4).the division of the forms of pronunciation.The fifth part analyzes tow reasons of predicate transferring (1). requirement for expression; (2).Cogriitive reason.In a word, this paper carefully investigates and analyzes the predicate transferring in ancient Chinese on the basis of rich language data collected from a large amount ancient books (mainly of XianQin and of Han dynasties) and some unearthed material (inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells and ones on ancient bronze objects), and also fully utilizing exegesis of the ancient Chinese books.