The Legislation Research On Qing Dynasty's Ministry Of Colonial Affairs

Management of frontier is a paticularly important part of China feodal social economy and politics.It inherits the way of frontier management of former eras,moreover it also inovates and develops a lot on the base of its ethnic flavor and actuality at that time.In the angle of status,the foundation of Qing Dynasty's Ministry of Colonial Affairs finished the situation that there is no such special insitution to administrate ethnic affairs from Qin Dynasty and greatly enhanced the management of minority in the frontier especially Mongolia region.China has such a insititution administrating ethnic affairs.In the view before Qing Dynasty,the quantity and function of institutions such as Dianke in Qin Han Dynasty and Sansheng Liubu in Sui Tang Dynasty is continuously increasing,but there is no such a national and exclusive institution in charge of ethnic affairs.Mostly several Ministries of Rites,War and Honglu temple are put in charge of several division of different ethnic affairs.In spite of this,the function of ethnic affairs management is not their exclusive function.Thus such a situation is finished till the foundation of Qing Dynasty's Ministry of Colonial Affairs.In the angle of administrative function,the function of Qing Dynasty's Ministry of Colonial Affairs includes various aspects such as administration, military affairs. In the emperor of kangxi and Yongzheng, Ministry of Colonial Affairs mainly take charge of Mongolia affairs.Till Qianlong emperor,its organization and function became increasingly perfect.Its function expanded from meetings of sovereigns management, family check, taxation collecting and operation plan.Moreover, it has the ethical judicial right of final adjudication, joint trail and autumn trail.As the aspect of diplomacy,it take charge of diplomatic relationship between China an Russia,managing trading activities.In the angle of orgnization, Ministry of Colonial Affairs has national insititution and several dispatched institutions.The minister is the highest official of this ministry, subordinately setting 6 departments.In the angle of legislation, Ministry of Colonial Affairs fully use ethical policies to construct common beneficial basis,respecting ethical customs and institutionalize and legislize the management of ethical affairs.The two laws draft by it plays an important role in the administration of minority areas.Ministry of Colonial Affairs vanished after Revolution of 1911 and finally transformed into bureau of Mengzang Affairs.In conclusion, Qing Dynasty's Ministry of Colonial Affairs plays an important role in Qing Dynasty's ethical politics and legal system...