Epidemiological Investigation Of Betel Nut Chewing In Changsha, Hunan

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of betel nut chewing and oral submucous fibrosis(OSF)in Changsha,Hunan province and provide scientific evidence for the prevention of OSF.Methods:According to the standard of the third national oral health epidemiological investigation, sample was taken from the Two stage random sampling procedure, random sample two communities Jiucai Yuan and Mawangdui in Changsha City and two villages in Liuyang as survey sites, representing both urban and rural residents,The second phase,sample the household in the community comply the proportion of men and women and urban and rural villages as the unit of random cluster sample survey. A total of 600 participated the questionnaires survey, By way of questionnaire survey, oral examination was performed to observe the prevalence situation of OSF.Results:600 residents were investigated,551 valid questionnaires were completed, the completion rate was 91.8%. Resident population in Changsha found that 111 people chewing betel nut, the rate of betel nut chewing was 20.1%; The rate of male was 100/282 (35.5%), female was 11/269 (4.1%), in comparison, P=0.000, a significant difference between male and female; urban chewing rate slightly higher than in rural areas, but between the two P> 0.05, not significantly difference.20 - 29 years old (26.8%) and 30 -39 (30.7%) age group had higher rates of betel nut chewing, and 40 to 49 age group (19.8%) and 50 to 59 age group (18.9%) among the four groups showed no difference with each other. This 4 group are different with 15 to 19 years group (3.4%) and over 60 age group (4.9%), P<0.05. The rate of Betel nut chewing in different level of education:The middle school and junior high school group was 20.5% the chewing rate of high school was 22.3%,college and university or above was 17.6%.There were not statistically difference between the three groups. Job and betel nut chewing,higher chew betel nut with workers (30.5%), followed by non-workers (14.3%), student groups, retired,military and housewives the lowest (5.4%), P<0.001.80 (72.1%)people who had a smoking habit,50 (45.0%) of people with a drinking habit, smoking is also associated with drinking habits was 38 (34.2%) only 19 (17.1%) people behave betel nut chewing habit only. In the 551 respondents,we found six cases of OSF patients, the prevalence rate was 1.1%,5 males, who were habitual betel nut chewer.Conclusion:Changsha residents with chewing betel nuts and there is risk of OSF, a betel nut chewing habit more men than women. The rate of Betel nut chewing was no difference in urban and rural areas, no related to the education,but associated with the age and job. Betel nut chewers usually has smoking and drinking habits. more and more younger people behave the habit. It is necessary to increase public education, increase awareness of the dangers of betel nut chewing to reduce betel nut chewing rate and eventually reduce the prevalence rate of OSF.