The Chemical Composition Analysis And Quality Evaluation Model Of Cauda Cervi

Taking Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus as research objects, this study analyzed and compared the contents of nucleosides, phospholipids, total polysaccharides, hydrolyzed amino acids, fatty acids, sex hormones and heavy metals including mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic and copper systematically. The quality of crude drugs Cauda Cervi was evaluated using relative degree of association with the preliminary establishment of quality evaluation mode of both Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus in this study.Test 1. The systemic analysis of the chemical composition in crude drugs Cauda Cervi:Six nutrients and five heavy metals were analyzed and compared systematically using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Ultraviolet/Visible spectrophotometer, amino acids analyzer, GC-MS, radioimmunoassay machine, atomic absorption spectrophotometer and atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer. The results were mentioned as follows:(1):A sample and convenient HPLC method was developed to determine the nucleosides from Cauda Cervi. Gradient elution were carried out in Nucleosil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm) by using mobile phase acetonitrile-water. Satisfactory linearity and recovery value demonstrated the method was fit for the nucleosides from Cauda Cervi.(2): The average content of uracil, hypoxanthine, uridine and thymine in Cervus nippon Temminck were 0.058 g·kg^-1, 0.228 g·kg^-1, 0.471 g·kg^-1 and 0.021 g·kg^-1 respectively, while in Cervus elaphus Linnaeus they were 0.051 g·kg^-1,0.254 g·kg^-1,0.499 g·kg^-1 and 0.023 g·kg^-1; Analyzed by t- test, content of the four nucleoside compositions in Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus showed no significant difference (P>0.05); It was showed that uridine had the greatest influence on the content of total nucleotide of the four nucleoside compositions in Cervus nippon Temminck andCervus elaphus Linnaeus, so in theory the level of thymine could be used as a quantitative index showing the content of total nucleotide in order to simple the control indexes.(3): The average elements composition of total phospholipids, phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol(PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM) in Cervus nippon Temminck were 11.39 g·kg^-1 , 0.19 g·kg^-1, 0.55 g·kg^-1, 1.78 g·kg^-1 and 1.20 g·kg^-1 respectively, while in Cervus elaphus Linnaeus they were 11.85 g·kg^-1,0.19 g·kg^-1,0.46 g·kg^-1,1.58 g·kg^-1 and 1.09 g·kg^-1 respectively; Analyzed by t- test, the total phospholipids, PS, PI,PC and SM levels between Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus were not significantly different (P>0.05); The content of PC, which was the highest among all phosphatidyl compositions, could be used as a quantitative index of phosphatidyl compositions quality control in crude drugs Cauda Cervi theoretically .(4): The average content of total polysaccharide in Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus is 4.70 g·kg^-1, 5.86 g·kg^-1 respectively; Analyzed by t- test, there was no significant difference in total polysaccharide level betweenCervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus (P>0.05). (5): 16 hydrolyzable amino acids were detected in the two crude drugs Cauda Cervi, of which the content of glycine was the highest. The average content of hydrolyzable amino acids inCervus Nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus is 57.54 %, 54.69 % respectively; The result of t- test indicated that the total hydrolyzable amino acids inCervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnae s had no significant difference(P>0.05); The 7 essential amino acids (threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine and lysine) were also detected in the two crude drugs Cauda Cervi, taking 34% of the total amino acids, among which lysine content was the highest.(6): 16 fatty acids were detected in Cervus nippon Temminck, including 9 saturated fatty acids and 7 unsaturated fatty acids. Compared with Cervus nippon Temminck, 15 fatty acids were detected in Cervus elaphus Linnaeus except C_20:1; Most of unsaturated fatty acids were palmitoleic(C_16:1) and oletic(C_18:1),most of saturated fatty acids were palmitic (C_16:0) and linoleic(C_18:0). Besides, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid were found in crude drugs Cauda Cervi, which were physiologically important to human body.(7) The average levels of testosterone (T), estradiol (E₂) and progesterone (P) in Cervus nippon Temminck were 39.44 ng·g^-1, 0.57 ng·g^-1, 2.51 ng·g^-1 respectively, while in Cervus elaphus Linnaeus they were 58.40 ng·g^-1, 0.48 ng·g^-1, 4.67 ng·g^-1 respectively; The content of testosterone was much higher than estradiol and progesterone.(8) The contents of five harmful heavy metals: Cu, Hg, Pb, Cd, As in Cervus nippon Temminck were 4.41 mg·kg^-1, 0.68 mg·kg^-1, 0.054 mg·kg^-1, 0.030 mg·kg^-1 and 0.022 g·kg^-1 respectively, and in Cervus elaphus Linnaeus they were 4.57 mg·kg^-1, 1.08 mg·kg^-1, 0.058 mg·kg^-1, 0.040 mg·kg^-1 and 0.018g·kg^-1 respectively. The contents of five harmful heavy metals were lower than the limits in《Green standards of medicinal plants and preparations for foreign trade and economy》both in Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus.Test.2. The establishment of an evaluation model for crude drugs Cauda Cervi quality :Based on the analysis of 5 main compositions in crude drugs Cauda Cervi and measured by the defined relative correlation degree, a model of grey relational grades model for evaluating the quality of crude drugs Cauda Cervi was established. The model could evaluate the Cauda Cervi quality effectively, providing basis for further study on crude drugs Cauda Cervi.