| Objective: The current study focus on the factors that affect the type I immediate hypersensitivity in TCM injection, which aims to provide experimental foundations for enhancing the sensitivity of the experimental conditions the accuracy of the experiment.Methods: Using active antigen ovalbumin as the detected substance, the study was carried out by following the procedures of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test and active systemic anaphylaxis test.1.The methods of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test: First, some experimental animals were immunized with antigen and their blood was acquired to prepare for the antiserum after 12 to 14 days. Second, the antiserum was intradermally injected into other experimental animals in order to create passive sensitization. Third, the same antigen mixed with biological stain was injected into the passively sensitized animals after a certain time period. We could judge the existence of antibody, the titer of the antibody, and so forth the immunogenicity of the antigen by whether the skin was blue-stained and the degree of it.2.The method of active systemic anaphylaxis test: The experimental animals were immunized with antigen and then injected with the same antigen for provocation after 12 to 14 days. We could judge whether the experimental animals had hypersensitive reaction, the degree of the reaction and the immunoreactivity of the antigen by comparing their reactive symptoms with the evaluation criterion.Results:①The PCA test of SD rats was negative when the sensitizing dose of active antigen ovalbumin were 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0mg per rat.②The PCA test of Guine-pig was negative when the sensitizing doses of active antigen ovalbumin were 0.1 and 0.2 mg per rat. When the dosage of the active antigen ovalbumin increased to 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 1.0mg per rat, however, the PCA test of Guine-pig became positive.③In PCA test of Guine-pig, the active antigen ovalbumin was selected as the detected substance, and each Guine-pig received 0.2 mg or 0.3 mg ovalbumin using different allergizing administrations (i.e., hypodermic injection, intramuscular injection, abdominal cavity injection and intravenous injection). The tests showed that all allergizing administrations with the dosage of 0.2 mg had negative results while those of 0.3 mg had positive results. There were no significant differences in positive rate within each dosage group.④The PCA test of Guine-pig was positive when each Guine-pig received 0.2 mg active antigen ovalbumin and immunoadjuvant adsorbed DPT vaccine at the same time. It suggested that adsorbed DPT vaccine played a role in enhancing sensitization of Guine-pig in PCA test.⑤The PCA test of SD rats was positive when each SD rat received 1.0 mg active antigen ovalbumin and immunoadjuvant adsorbed DPT vaccine. It suggested that adsorbed DPT vaccine played a role in enhancing sensitization of SD rat in PCA test⑥In PCA test of Guine-pig, each Guine-pig received 0.2 mg active antigen ovalbumin but different sensitizing times across groups in order to compare the effects of immunizing times. The test suggested that the group which had 3 immunizations had negative result while the groups which had 4 and 5 immunizations had positive results.⑦In PCA test of Guine-pig, When using Yuxingcao injection as the detected substance, the result was negative.However, in ASA test, Guine-pig showed anaphylactoid reaction.⑧In PCA test of Guine-pig , When using Shenfu powder injection as the detected substance, the result was negative. In ASA test , Guine-pig showed anaphylactoid reaction.Conclusions:①A obvious different exists between Guine-pigs and SD rats as experimental subject, and Guine-pigs tend to have a higher sensitivity than SD rats. ②The PCA experimental results of SD rats could not reflect the immunogenicity of active antigen correctly in the absence of the immunoadjuvant (adsorbed DPT vaccine).③The reaction of Guine-pig in PCA test exhibits dosage dependence within a certain range of sensitizing dose. The test can't got active result could not get it while the dosage was below a certain degree.④Different sensitizing administrations had no effect on PCA test of Guine-pig.⑤The sensitivity of immune response could be enhanced significantly when added with adjuvant.⑥The sensitivity of immune response could be enhanced by increasing sensitizing times when the antigen was of microdosis.⑦Yuxingcao injection had no immunogenicity; however, anaphylactoid reactions were observed. Yuxingcao injection has the tendency of being an immunoadjuvant.⑧Shenfu powder injection had no immunogenicity, however anaphylactoid reactions were also observed.
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