| Objective:To understand the diabetes status of the Uygur in Xinjiang and approach the effects of diabetes health education in community in order to accumulate information for diabetes prevention and treatment work of Xinjiang in future. Methods:1. The Tuanjie and Qingquan community attached to Shuimogou-area and the Xiaodiwopu XuanrenDun attached to Xinshi-area in Urumqi of Xinjiang were four investigation spots.416 Uygur residents more than 40-year-old were conducted lifestyle survey, physical examination and food frequency survey.Lifestyle survey included smoking, alcohol, prefering sweets, prefering fat and greasy.Physical examing indicators were height, weight, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. 47 subjects were randomly selected for 24-hour dietary recall surveys.2. Production investigation and glycemic load(GL) calculations of some Uygur foods were completed on the basis of their glycemic index(GI).3. The health education of diabetes were conducted in the form of focused teaching,individual counseling,propaganda materials distributing,paint displaying.Results:1. Diabetes detection rate of Uygur was 9.13 %.2.Blood sugar were positively correlated with Systolic blood pressure and abdominal circumference. In the multivariate linear regression, blood glucose was dependent variable.Systolic blood pressure and abdominal circumference were independent variables.The equation was obtained as follows: blood glucose = 4.434 +0.021×Systolic blood pressure3. Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension may be the risk factor of diabetes (OR = 2.643, P <0.05). The Uygur,s prefering eating habits such as sweets, fat as well as their extraordinary abdominal circumference, waist circumference and BMI did not enter the equation.4. The investigation revealed that no statistic difference concerning the frequency of foods intaking between diabetes and non-diabetes groups was found.The frequency of various types of foods intaking in Uygur people showed that the grain and yam, the vegetables, the fish meat and eggs were fundamental.The fruits and soymilk were modest;The nuts and dried fruits were relatively less. Stratified by sex and age, energy intake of most levels were higher than the standard of recommended intake. The energized ratio of three major nutrients were higher than recommended standards. Vitamin and mineral intake reached or exceeded to the standard of reference intake.But there are also individual nutrients (Vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium) were insufficient.The lack of calcium was the most obvious. The data of the intake of every nutrients and energy between DM and non-DM group revealed that the intake of carbohydrates, vitamin C, vitamin E, copper and phosphorus of diabetes group was lower than that of the non- diabetic group.But protein intake in women of DM was higher than that of non- diabetic group. That showed statistical difference 5. The GL value of 15 kinds of Uygur food were generally high.Only the GL of Shuoyila were less than 10.Shuoyila were low GL food. Low GL food accounted for 6.67 %.Others were middle and high GL foods. Middle GL foods accounted for 46.67 %.High GL foods accounted for 46.67 %.6. The realizing ratio was indication to reflect diabetes prevention and propaganda effect in Uygur community. The realizing ratio of diabetes group (80.42 %) was higher than non-diabetic group (56.11%) (P <0.01); In non-diabetes group, the ratio of after-education (56.11 %) increased than before- education (28.06%) (P <0.01); After education the ratio of diabetes group increased slightly, but without statistical difference. Conclusion:The high diabetes detection rate indicated that Uygur was the minority with high incidence of diabetes. This study shows that hypertension may be the risk factor of diabetes.The energy intake of Uygur residents was more than that of recommended standard. The intake of most nutrient was higher than the reference intake.The intake of individual nutrients were less. The carbohydrate intake of diabetes group was lower than non-diabetic group.It suggests that low-carbohydrate may be related with the incidence of diabetes.We should pay more attention to strengthen diet education to the Uygur people and advocate a balanced diet.The GL value of 15 kinds of Uygur foods were relatively high.It suggests that it may be one of the reasons for the high incidence of diabetes in Uygur from the aspect of GL. Health education can effectively improve awareness of diabetic basic knowledge in residents.
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