| BackgroundIn the mid 80's, Professor Berkman of the former Soviet Union, discovered fromhis research that there is a transition state called Sub-health Status in human bodiesexcept the healthy and morbid state. This state between health and sickness is alsocalled Grey Status or The Third Status. The sub-health status is some functionalchanges happened in the organism in the condition of non-structural pathologicalchanges, which cause low physiological functions or metabolic functions andseriously influence people's working abilities and living quality. A global research ofWHO shows that the number of the completely healthy people takes up only 5% ofthe total, while 20% is ill and 75% in the sub-health status whose amount appearsuptrend in many countries and areas. According to statistics, over 700 million Chineseare in the sub-health status, accounting for 60%～70% of the national total population.Sub-health status has already become the NO.1 invisible threat to human health, andone of the modern medical problems as well.Currently, domestic scholars have done a great deal of study and discussionabout sub-health status, but still can not give an acknowledged unified definition andjudgment. In 2006, The First World Conference on Sub-health and the Establishment of Professional Committee on Sub-health of World Federation of Traditional ChineseMedicine Societies was held in Beijing. A new concept that sub-health status refers toa state between health and sickness in human body was introduced by The ChinaAssociation of Chinese Medicine in the conference. Those sub-healthy people whocan not reach the healthy standard often appear to be of low activity and decliningfunction and adaptability in certain period. But this falls short of the clinical andsub-clinical diagnostic criteria of the relevant illness in modern medicine. In thisconference, our project group raised the sub-health diagnostic reference criteria whichreceived the approval of the conventioneers. And this study right adopted it as theconcept of the sub-health status and diagnostic criteria.Epidemiology is a science which studies the distribution and its influencingfactors of the disease and health condition, the prevention of the disease, and thestrategies and measures of improving health. In recent years, domestic scholars haveused epidemiologic cross-sectional researching method to investigate sub-healthycrowd. Documents suggest that the present sub-health status studies are mainly focuson brainworkers and soldiers, including teachers, government staff, medical personnel,students, etc. Indeed, due to the special working nature and environment, these peoplehave a bigger opportunity to encounter sub-health. However, in modem society, theproportion in the enterprise is increasing continuously and having an impact onsociety economy, medical care and so on. The reasons leading to this climbingincidence rate of sub-health status, such as heavy working mission, monotonicworking environment, relatively low salary, incomplete social medical care, crowdedliving condition and lacking entertainment, gravely affect people's working abilitiesand living quality. It has enormous effect on the personnel's physical and mentalhealth and the normal business running. Recently, with the rapid development ofeconomy, especially at Pearl Rever Delta region, the factory business enterprise increases quickly as well as the quantity of the business enterprise crowd who isoccupying higher percentage in the local population. Since it functions greater andgreater in the social construction, these people's health is getting more and moreattention. Therefore, it will be meaningful to facilitate the steady development ofenterprises and society through knowing the sub-health status of them andinvestigating those influencing factors then preventing and curing their sub-healthstatus purposefully to protect their health. Whereas there still a blank in this area, noone studying specially on the sub-health status of enterprise crowd and none relevantdocuments reported. Therefore, to do some epidemiologic survey of this group ofpeople is of great practical importance.ObjectiveThis topic is one of the sub-discussion of sub-health status serial studies,applying epidemiologic cross-sectional researching method and developingepidemiologic inquiring questionnaires of sub-health status. From the process ofusing these questionnaires to investigate into those big samples for the first time, weget to know the epidemiologic condition of the sub-health status in enterprise crowd,and then discuss the particular group's prevalence rate of sub-health status, clinicalmanifestation, correlation factor, and so on. This not only provides objective andscientific references for establishing interfering strategies, but also prepares basic forthe further research of deciding intervention study and therapeutic regimen. It's alsovery significant to enhancing those particular groups' holistic health level, workefficiency and quality of life together with other aspects.MethodsWe Southern Medical University Sub-health Epidemiological InvestigationGroup have been applying to social scientific researching methods based on recordsand expert consultation. According to the latest concept and diagnosis of sub-health brought up by The First World Conference on Sub-health and the Establishment ofProfessional Committee on Sub-health of World Federation of Traditional ChineseMedicine Societies was held in Beijing we have designed measurable sub-healthstatus tests, which can reflect epidemiologic inquiring questionnaires aboutinfluencing factors of sub-health status. These tests have already been proved toachieve the researching purpose by the spot trial and reliability and validityexamination.These inquiring questionnaires were produced through defining the subject,purpose and method as well as the concept of sub-health status, choosing theorganization and pattern of the questionnaires, and designing the answers to thequestions. This process certainly included how to organize the questions and howmany questions are needed, what the name and the illustration of this investigationare. Pre-investigation and item selection, reliability and validity examination andrevision are also in the consideration.As soon as the inquiring questionnaires were successfully designed, we adoptedto the epidemiologic ascertainment cluster sampling methods of Cross-sectionsurvey. That is to take two of the enterprises whose staff have had strict physicalexamination as subjects (one is a private-owned enterprise in Bao 'an district,Shenzhen; the other one is an overseas-funded enterprise in Dong guan.) With thehelp of our questionnaires, we investigated all the employees excluding the sick ones.Then we established a data bank of the sub-healthy crowd, containing informationabout the age, gender, occupation, academic career, marital status and influencingfactors of sub-health, etc. After that, we use computer technology, mathematicalstatistics and other modern scientific methods to do further studies.Results1. The questionnaire for is adequately designed for Epidemiology of sub-health status. The questionnaire is proved effective for the purpose of the researchthrough trial and test of reliability and validity etc.2. The rate of sub-health status positive (SHS+) in private enterprises in Shenzhenis 62.1%. Therein, the SHS+ rate of male is 60.2%, that of female shows 64.4%;the rate of SHS+ of employees under 20 years old is 62.3%, employees between20 and 30 is 65.6%, employees above 30 is 46.3%; the SHS+ rate of factoryworkers is 62.3%, office worker is 60.8%, 62.0% for other occupation; the SHS+rate is 61.3% for employees with education of/under high school, 66.9% fortertiary diploma holders, 57.1% for college tertiary graduates; 64.4% forunmarried employees and 51.3% for the married.3. The symptoms presenting in over 60% of the sub-health employees in privateenterprises in Shenzhen are: fatigue, depression; symptoms with over 50%presence are: susceptible to cold, frequent sigh, fears of hear, headache, anxiety,lumbago, absence of attention, morbidity, intension to diaphoresis, sentimentality,insomnia, ineffectiveness in work and anepithymia; symptoms over 40% areupset, feeling of loneliness, dry pharynx, palpitation, lonely feeling, anxiety,stress, feeling of hardship in acting correspondent social role, alopecia, dullness,stress in interpersonal relationship, decrease of communication frequency, fearsof wind and cold, blurred vision, fatigue in legs and knees, intension to escapefrom reality, deadlimb and ademonia. Besides, dysmenorrhoea and leukorrhagiaare observed in females under sub-health condition.4. The factors related to sub-health condition in Shenzhen private enterprises arefrequently working overtime, frustration, personal income, sense of security,satisfaction to live and residence.5. The SHS+ rate in foreign-invested enterprises in Dongguan is 72.0%. The rate is67.3% for male and 74.0% for female; 77.6% for employees under 20, 74.8% for employees between 20 and 30, 44.6% for those above 30; 72.7% for factoryworkers, 50.5% for office workers, 73.9% for other occupations; 73.0% foremployees with education of/under high school, 70.1% for tertiary diplomaholders, 65.1% for college tertiary graduates; 75.4% for unmarried employeesand 59.8% for the married.6. The symptoms presenting in over 60% of the sub-health employees in Dongguanare: fatigue; symptoms over 50% are sentimentality, fears of hear, headache,dizziness, susceptible to cold, frequent sigh, limbago; symptoms over 40% areinsomnia and dreaminess, intension to diaphoresis, morbidity, anxiety,anepithymia, absence of attention, ineffectiveness in work, sentimentality,alopecia, palpitation, upset, fatigue in legs and knees, dry pharynx ect.. Besides,leukorrhagia, dysmenorrhoea and irregular menstruation are observed in femalesunder sub-health condition.7. The factors related to sub-health condition in foreign-invested enterprises are:exercises, frequently working overtime, frustrations, living conditions, personalincome and health condition.8. The general rate of sub-health status positive of foreign-invested enterprises inDONGGUAN and the rate of sub-health status between male and female, the rateof workers are all higher than those in SHENZHENConclusion1. The common symptom of sub-health status in foreign-invested enterprisesbetween SHENZHEN and DONGGUAN are basicly the same,the rate ofsub-health status and influential factor are not exactly the same.2. The rate of sub-health status positive of crowd of enterprises are higher,It isconcentrated in youth below 30.3. The symptom of crowd of enterprises appears to be multiple, involved in body psycho and society. The state of sub-health status positive of crowd ofenterprises are not ideal,We should interfere in different means.
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