| Objective(s):Epidemiological investigation was conducted to describe the general socioeconomic characteristics, comprehensive health status, and behavior risk factors among urban and rural elderly in Panlong and Tonghai. The status and influence factor of demand and utilization of health services in elderly were analyzed. Measures and recommendations on health services for the elderly in urban and rural areas were explored, to provide references for government and its departments in formulating relevant health policy of aging problem and allocating resources.Methods:Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect 982 people aged above 60 from Panlong and Tonghai. One on one questionnaire survey was conducted with unified questionnaire and a simple physical examination was carried out for the respondents. Data was entered into Access and statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Measurement data was presented by mean and standard deviation. Enumeration data was presented by rate or proportion. Stepwise multiple linear regression and unconditioned Logistic regression was used to analyze the multi factors. The p value under 0.05 were consider to be statistical significant.Results:(1) Basic information:This study investigated a total of 982 cases of elderly people, a total of 967 cases of valid questionnaires were collected, the effective rate was 98.47%.435 cases were male,532 cases were female. Urban and rural elderly was 496 and 471 cases respectively. The respondents aged from 60 to 94 years old, the average age was 70.0(± 0.24). The proportion of people aged 60～69 years old was the highest, which account for 53.36%. Marital status is given priority to married (73.43%), followed by widowed (23.89%). The degree of education is mainly primary school (55.01%), high school or technical secondary school accounted for 16.75%. Annual income is given priority to with ￥22001-36000 (21.72%),￥1600 and below was account for minimum proportion (16.75%).(2)Demand of health services:The total health score was (55.71±18.87),themalescored (60.12±20.10), and the female scored(52.09±16.98)(F=43.687,P< 0.001), urban population scored (58.13±18.69), rural population scored (53.06±18.73) points (F=14.674，P<0.001). By multiple linear regression analysis, the influence factors of the elderly health were gender, age, income, residence, participate in regular physical exercise, suffering from chronic diseases. Whether suffering from chronic diseases and income are positively correlated with comprehensive health score(P<0.01), and gender, age, residence, physical exercise are all negatively correlated with comprehensive health score(P<0.01). The prevalence of chronic disease was 65.05%. The patients with hypertension was 532 cases, the prevalence rate was 55.02%. The patients with diabetes was 88 cases, the prevalence was 9.10%. Age, gender, income, drinking, smoking, were associated with chronic disease, the lower the age, the lower the income, the lower the infrequency of drinking and smoking,the prevalence of chronic diseases was lower(P<0.05).(3) Utilization of health services:Two-week consultation rate was 28.96%, which was 26.00% and 32.05% respectively in urban and rural elderly,25.52% and 31.77% in male and female elderly respectively. Hospitalization rate was 29.2%, of which the urban and rural elderly hospitalization rates were 28.4%,29.9%. Male elderly hospitalization rate was 30.1%, the female hospitalized rate was 28.4%. Multi-factors analysis showed that utilization of health services was influenced by age, education level, income, chronic diseases and other risk factors. These people who was older in age, with the higher the education level, higher the income and suffering from chronically disease, health services utilization is higher than other elderly people(P< 0.05).Conclusion(s):The elderly health situation is still at a low level in Yunnan Province, chronic non-communicable diseases are the major disease affecting the health of the elderly, the demand for health services is huge, health care utilization was higher than some cities, but which still at a low level. Therefore, we should pay attention to and improve the health education and enhance the elderly health consciousness, strengthen the prevention treatment and management effort of chronic non-communicable diseases, reduce the morbidity of elderly. Perfecting the construction of primary health care and the medical security system the health status of elderly population in Yunnan Province, the elderly health services utilization and the quality of life should be improved. |
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