| Chemiluminescence analysis is one of trace analytical methods, which is based on the light emission during the course of a chemical reaction. The coupling of a flow injection analysis (FIA) system with CL detection has been rapidly developed, because it offers a serial of advantages such as simple instrument, rapid analysis, high sensitivity, wide linear range, good repeatability, and easy implementation. Thus, this technique could be a useful tool for the quality control of pharmaceutical preparations.This paper consists of two parts. In the first part, it was summarized that the principle, origion, development, and application of chemiluminescence to the pharmaceuticals analysis. In the second part, some examples were given to demonatrate the applications of chemiluminescence in pharmaceutical analysis. These examples are as follows:1. Cerium(IV)-rhodamine B system for the determination of synephrineA rapid and sensitive flow injection chemiluminescence method is described for the determination of synephrine, which is based on its enhancement effect of light emission from the reaction of cerium(IV) and rhodamine B in acid medium. Under the optimum conditions, the proposed method allows the measurement of synephrine over the range of 5.0×10-91.0×10-6 g/mL with a detection of 1.0×10-9 g/mL(3σ). The relative standard deviation is 2.9% (n=11) for1.0xl0"7g/mL synephrine. The method has been applied satisfactorily to the determination of synephrine in fluids and citrus fruits. The results agree well with those obtained by HPCL. On the basis of investigations of fluorescence spectrum of the reaction, a possible mechanism for thisreaction was proposed.2. Luminol-ferricyanide system for the determination of synephrineIt was found that the light emission produced by the oxidation of luminol by potassium ferricyanide in the basic medium was enhanced by synephrine, a drug for antiobesity treatment. The optimum conditions for this chemiluminescent reaction were studied in detail by a flow injection system. A new, simple and rapid method has been developed under the optimum conditions for determination of synephrine. A possible mechanism of this reaction was proposed based on the chemiluminescent spectra of reaction. In the optimum conditions, CL intensities are proportional to concentrations of the synephrine in the 8.0xl0'91.0*10"6 g/mL range. The limit of detection is 1.6x10"9 g/mL, the relative standard deviation (n=ll) is 2.59% for 0.5 jj.g/mL synephrine. The method has been applied to the determination of synephrine in the herbal products and biological fluids and citrus fruit with the satisfactory results.3. Chemiluminescence determination of chlortetrycycline hydrochlorede, doxycycline hyclate, and luteolinA simple flow injection chemiluminometric method for the determination of chlortetrycycline hydrochlorede (CTC), doxycycline hyclate (DC), and luteolin have been developed. The methods are based on the cerium(IV)-rhodamine 6G system. Under the optimum conditions, the linear ranges are 8.0xl0"92.0xl0"6 g/mL, 1.0xl0"81.0xl0"6g/mL, and 5.0xl0"82.0xl06g/mL for CTC, DC, and luteolin, respectively. The limits of detection (s/n=3) are 1.6xlO'9 g/mL, 2.0xl0"9 g/mL, 1.0xl08g/mL for CTC, DC, and luteolin, respectively. The relative standard deviations (n=ll) are 2.90%, 1.49%, 0.87% for 1.0xl0'6g/rnL CTC, DC, and luteolin, respectively. The methods have been successfully applied to biological fluids and pharmaceutical preparations. The mechanism of the chemiluminescence reaction is briefly explained with spectral evidence. |
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