The Research Of Organic Fertilizer Using Situation And Resources In Shaanxi Province

Organic manure is a kind of extremely important agricultural resources, because it contains rich essential plant nutrients. It is called entire element compound fertilizer by people. The organic manure has many functions such as improving soil physical, chemical, biological properties, and maintaining soil fertility and productivity. The organic manure resource is the main factor which influences the development of organic agriculture and realization of organic food production. So it is obvious that stressing the work and research of organic manure has an important scientific significance. It is helpful for maintaining and enhancing soil quality level, guaranteeing agriculture to develop steadily, realizing high quality production and so on.Reasonable and scientific use of organic manure has been concerned in agriculture, environmental and ecology science. Using scientifically byproduct from animal and plant can reduce environment pressure, changing waste into something useful, and lengthening the chain of substance cycle, and realizing industrial and commercial level of the organic matter transformation. It can also help to promote economic development in this region. Therefore, the governments in different levels has paid much attention on it.The economy of Shaanxi Province depends mainly on agriculture. The steady development of agriculture was restricted by soil infertility. However, organic manure was seriously wasted and caused many environmental problems. Therefore, clarifying organic manure resources in this province and investigating the main problems during the process of using organic manure is of practical significance. In this paper, the method of direct investigation, analyzing historical materials and statistics was used to analyze the basic situation of the use of organic manure in Shaanxi province. The main results were as fellows:1. The present situation of organic manure resources in Shaanxi province was clarified.At present, the total amount of organic manure resources is about 132,005,600 tons, which does not include organic mineral. Among all the organic manure resources, the night soil resources attains to 69,596,200 tons, crop straw resources amounts to 23,599,400 tons, green manure resources is 12,679,900 tons, compost and waterlogged compost resources is 5,943,200 tons, and cake fertilizer resources is 375,200 tons. They occupies by 52.7%, 17.9%, 8.3%, 7.6%, 2.4%, respectively. The shale rock, peat is the main mineral type of organic fertilizer resources and its reserve is rich. Rational use of these resources is very important forsteady development of agriculture and realization of substance recycles.2. Historical evolution process of organic manure in Shaanxi province is investigatedDuring the past nearly 50 years, all kinds of organic manure resources has showed an obvious increase tendency. Night soil increases by a linear equation model, the bird guano has an increase exponential growth model, and especially has a strong increase tendency in the nearly 10 years. The organic manure amount of other animal excrement has a tendency to steady development. The organic manure of straw presents an exponential growth law and its main component is wheat and corn straw. The other crop straw amount lies in fluctuation. Green manure has an increase tendency with the fruit industry development in recent years.3. The present situation and problems in using organic manure resources in Shaanxi is pointed outDuring the process of soil fertility management, the amount of organic manure input in the farmland shows a tendency of decrease year by year. And the crop straw was still mainly used as fuel or forage. Such a contradictory phenomenon can be seen, on the one hand, in Shaanxi province the total amount of organic manure increased quickly, on the other hand, the amount of organic manure used in farmland decreased year by year. The soil organic matter (SOM) is seriously deficient, soil quality degradation, the organic matter has demanded in order to make soil fertile, however, the organic manure resources is seriously wasted and the consciousness of using organic manure desalinates. The simple pattern that using' inorganic manure to get a high yield still continues. The problem that change the despise concept to construction and using organic manure is urgently to be solved.There are many enterprises which produce organic manure in Shaanxi province nowadays. But they are mainly concentrating in processing bird guano, animal excrement, cake manure, organic mineral. The work of commercialization and industrial production of organic straw stalk is still not carried out. The scale of all the enterprises is small and the conversion ratio is low.4. The basic thinking to construct and use organic manure was proposed.At present, the situation was mainly determined by the obsolete concept and weak basic research work. In this aspect, the resourcilization, commercialization and industrialization of organic manure should be strengthened. Especially to strengthen the research on changing animal excrement and organic straw stalk into resources. The traditional idea of transforming organic manure into resources should be innovated. The fundamental research work which includes biotransformation, the mechanism of industrialization, prolong to the industrial chain should be strengthening.