Breeding Research And Application Of Rice In Hubei Province

Rice is the major cereal crop in Hubei province. Accelerating new rice varieties breeding process and speeding up the popularization of them will play a increasing significant role in grain production in Hubei province and even in the whole country. In this reporter, the results of variety plot tests in the latest five years were analyzed. The main views and primary discussion was just as follows:1. The rice breeding level of breeders in Hubei province was not stronger than that of Sichan and Hunan provinces, especially in the breeding effects of new variety was lower. For example Hubei is the original place of the two line hybrid rice, but the breeding level of it fell behind Hunan and Jiangsu provinces .2. The main breeding technology or method of rice was conventional. There was not even one rice variety by bio-technology (i.e. transgenosis) approved in the province.3. Because of the general disadvantages of rice varieties in Hubei province, the main popularized rice were introduced varieties .Only people in Enshi mountain area planted cultivarsbred by local as the primary cultivating varieties owing to its unique geography environment.Since early rice in Jianghan plain area was affected by high temperature and plum rains in summer and medium rice was also affected by abnormal temperature in August, stress resistance breeding should be emphasized in Hubei. It was very important to developing new rice varieties that adapt the local entironment because introduced varieties' yield reduced under bad climate condition in Hubei province.4. According to above discussion, the following strategies should be under consideration in breeding: increasing finance input for breeding; cooperating with other departments to tackle key problems; adjusting objective in line with the new situation improving breeding method and technology; paying attention to anti-adversity ability in terms of actual situation in Hubei province ; promoting breeding of superior grain quality rice; paying attention to utilization of special germplasm resource;developing two line hybrid rice and cultivating photo-thermo sensitive rice eonforming to climate of Hubei province.5. The utilizing strategies of new rice varieties are as following:only popularizing examined and approved varietiesstrictly complying with laws and regulations in our country; local cultivars are of primarily importance,introduced advanced cultivars are of secondary importance;good quality and high yield are two major parameters to evaluate advanced cultivars,anti -adversity ability can't be overlooked ;paying attention to utilization of special rice varieties;concentrating on harmony development between early rice and medium rice and late rice as well as that between hybrid rice and conventional rice; putting a premium on seed inspection;promoting rice industrial development.