The Elementary Study On Navigation In The Arctic Ocean

As the earth is becoming warmer, the temperature in the arctic rises more quickly and dramatically, which makes the sea ice extent decreases continuously. According to NOAA's satellite observation data, the Northwest Passage in the north of Eurasia and the Northeast Passage in the north of Canada have opened in recent years. The Arctic Ocean attracts all human attention and focus.Based on above information, the thesis analyses the developing trend of sea ice in recent years according to relative satellite data obtained mainly from National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). On the whole, the sea ice extent is decreasing, the sea ice thickness is becoming thinner, and the ice concentration is lowering. All demonstrate the foreground and possibility of navigation for merchant vessels in the future. On some experts'and reseachers'conclusion, sea ice recent developing trend and features, the thesis analyses and forecasts the future navigation season in the Arctic Ocean.The Arctic Ocean adjoins the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The opening of the Arctic Ocean will connect the Europe, North America and Asia more tightly and prompt to transform the gloabal economical and political struction. Compared to traditional routes, the arctic route can shorten the distance, save the expense. Moreover, the abundant natural and mineral resource, great value on science research and tourism can pick up the marine transport development in the Arctic, which is also of very important to the economy and shipping in China.According to the distribution and development features of sea ice, referring to lots of experience, the thesis makes a basic comparision and analysis on historical routes and then selects an optimal route.Although the temperature is still arising, the routes are opening; it will still take a long period to be navigable because of the many limitations such as the lack of marine infrastructure, the legal framework and practical navigation experience in ice.