Studies On Fire Safety Assessment Of Underground Public Buildings

In the 21st centuries, with the acceleration of china's urbanization, with the growing deceleration of our land's resources, the city builders pay their attention to the exploitation of underground spaces; the comprehensive exploitation of underground spaces will be a distinguishing feature in the future's development of our cities.In underground public buildings, because of the bad conditions of ventilation, natural lighting, smoke discharging, and the difficulties of people's evacuation and fire fighting, the fire risk of underground public buildings is greater than the ordinary buildings. The fire safety assessment to underground public buildings can effectively prevent and control the occurrences of fire accidents. It is very important to the fire protection of underground public buildings.In this paper, based on the analysis and discussion of the methods of the present fire safety assessment, according to the characteristics of underground public buildings, a fire safety index system is founded. The calculation methods for the weight of evaluation indexes and fuzzy calculation were described. With fuzzy mathematics theory, the fuzzy synthesized assessment method was applied in the fire safety assessment of the underground public buildings, and the scientificity and the validity were proved by the practical samples.The main research contents of this paper are following:1. Aiming at the fire features of the underground pubic buildings, consulted the anti-fire rules of buildings and through the enactment of the fire fields of the public works, consulted some experts, the multi-level evaluation indexes of the fire risk of the underground public buildings were established.2. The weights of the indexes determined with AHP by combination of the quality and the quantification were more scientific and reasonable, the important degree of the index factors of the fire effect was preferably reflected the weights determination.3. The synthesized assessment method for the fire safety assessment of the underground public buildings was applied to the assessment of the fire risk of the underground works of the west ground of Nan Chang railway station , and the fire risk degree of the works was acquire with the assessment theory and methods in this paper. The application of the practical sample indicated that the method has strong maneuverability and good effect in fire safety assessment, it can be used to assess the fire safety of the underground punlic buildings which does not completely accord with the demands of the architectural fire design. The positive result can be used to strengthen the buildings' fire safety management, and it can be popularized in application for the fire risk evaluation of the other buildings. It is a good supplentment of performance based design of fire protection.