Study On Fire Risk Assessment Of Old Buildings In Universities

Campus building fire risk has become the attentive focus of education authorities and the whole society,and old buildings are the hardest hit of fire accidents.The key of fire safety management in campus is prevention.To build a set of fire risk assessment model of old buildings in universities which is scientific,reasonable,simple and convenient,is conducive to timely detection of fire safety management loopholes,and effectively reducing the occurrence of fire accidents.The main work of this research is as follows:(1)According to the accident causal chain theory and the APC theory,an index system for evaluating fire risk of old buildings in universities is constructed.(2)AHP and group decision-making method are used to determine the weight,Then by carrying out the group decision analysis on the respondents' data,the weighs of each index are obtained.The ranking of primary and secondary indexes,and the importance of each index,provides an objective reference for campus fire management departments to make decisions about manpower,material resources and funds in a reasonable way.(3)A fire risk evaluation model for old buildings in universities is built based on FCE,so as to quickly find the loopholes of campus building fire risk management,to take measures of pertinence improvement,and to improve campus building fire risk management level,and to reduce safety risks as well.(4)Case analysis.Using the evaluation model constructed by this research,a weight analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the fire risk of dormitory buildings in a vocational school,reaching conclusions as follows:(a)The dormitory scored 7.73,which is a “moderate risk” level;(b)Using AHP to calculate the weight coefficients of the primary indexes,which in sequence are fire control consciousness,emergency capability,fireproof performance of the building,safety evacuation facilities,building environment,fire control infrastructure,management system and organization framework.The top ten weight coefficients of the secondary indexes in sequence are fire safety training,self-saving ability,contingency plans,floor fire load,fire safety publicity,fire resistance of building and decoration materials,fire drills,fire disposal capacity,fire safety special events,and cases self-examination.(c)5of the 32 secondary indexes got a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation score that ranked in the bottom are the automatic fire control system,fire prevention and smoke extraction system,fire safety publicity,fire safety self-inspection,and fire safety training.(5)Proposing a series of countermeasures for the fire control of old buildings in universities.Corresponding prevention and control measures are put forward from five aspects,including improvement of law and standard system,cultivation of fire control consciousness and emergency capability,renovation of building fire environment,strengthening the fire safety management,and promotion of fire public liability insurance.