The Design Strategy Of Gymnasium & Stadiums As Emergency Shelters

The urban development in China has stepped into a period of rapid growth. With the dramatic rise in the density of urban population, there is a corresponding increase in the degree of disaster. we have made great achievements in urban construction and development, but also suffered heavy losses and painful experience caused by disasters.Shelter is a temporary residence for people to live when a large-scale disaster occurs, being an important fundamental infrastructure for the unexpected disasters, it makes contributions to the protection of people's lives and providing places for the people after the disaster.With the popularity of sports, we paid more attention to the construction of stadiums. The successful holding of Olympic Games in 2008, National Games in 2009 and Asian Games in 2010 have promoted the construction of stadiums to a new peak. But currently there are some problems , such as the inefficient use of the facilities and spacious room in stadium. If the stadium is used as a shelter, the potential can be realised and the social resource will be fully exploited.This paper deals with the strategy for the design of the stadium as a shelter from the perspective of the social significance and it is divided into three parts.The first part (chapter 2) goes into the basic theory and development status of shelters. It gives an account of the main types of disasters and hazards, as well as the relevant definition of shelter, basic types, set requirements and development status. This part is the theory of the stadium as a shelter.The second part (chapter 3) analyses the feasibility of the stadium as a shelter. By the theoretical analysis of the nature of the construction of stadiums and with examples of Jiuzhou stadium, it provides the evidence and experience for the stadium to be used as the shelter in theoretical and practical ways. By the analysis of its shortcomings, the theoretical and practical basis on the specific design strategies for the next stadium as a shelter are suggested.The third part (Chapter 4 -6) elaborates the design strategy for the stadium as a shelter. From the three angles of merits and demerits, multiple compatibility and the combination usages, this part illustrates the strategies for the site layout, space design and environmental design.The strategy for the site layout focuses on the principle of the layout, scale capacity, regional transportation and engineering disaster prevention;The strategy for space design refers to the design of inside field, outside field, the auxiliary space conversion, and integration of inside and outside the field;Environmental design strategy focuses on the principles of environmental design, asylum zoning, location strategy of plants and facilities allocation strategy when the stadium is used as a shelter.