Research And Evaluation Of Rural Settlements Landscape In Shanghai

New rural construction is a newly brought forth important policy by the government. How to build the rural areas into sustainable development places with cultural deposits, obvious local characteristics, and healthy ecology is an important research field at present. Meanwhile, the study on the patterns of the rural landscape ecology not only can be referred by the city ecology development and the city-village all-in-one project, but also has in-depth meaning to the rural areas'own sustainable development as well as the harmonious co-existence between man and nature.This thesis, with some of typical rural settlements in the suburban skirts of Shanghai , including Qingpu, Nanhui, Fengxian, Songjiang, Chongming, as its targets, related theory and methods in Sociology, Geography, Landscape Ecology, Urban Planology were used to field survey, research, evaluate and analyze the settlements landscape constituents and the current investment and development situation in the countryside of Shanghai. The main content is as follows:1. With the villages in the outskirts of Shanghai as the study samples, using the latest remote sensing satellite map (resolution 2m) and the 1:5000 topographic maps, the general classification of the types of rural settlements and extracted information from the outskirts were given in this thesis. Rural landscape spatial patterns were determined by their location, landscape hydrology, and settlement distribution patterns. Based on the hydrological and landscape features of the rural areas in Shanghai, this thesis divided them into four types, reservoirs spread type, canals regularly distributed type, river network densely distributed type and river-swamp type.At the same time, a collection of villages with historical and cultural traditions in the suburban of Shanghai was discussed, finally decide to use Qianwei village, Sanxing village in Chongming district, Zhongjiu village in Shuyuan town, Zhuanghang town, Hanjiazhai village, Xiunan village in Fengxian district, Dianshan Lake village, Santang village, Dongxi village, Jinze town, Xuemi village, Dianxi village and Caibang village in Qingpu district along the Dianshan Lake as its typical agricultural research objects. 2. By reading a large number of documents together with using field surveying, surveying method, and advice from experts in this field, this thesis identified and described the formation, the evolution of cultural identity, cultural connotations and the local characteristics of the local landscape elements in the rural landscape. What's more, with the settlements as the core, this thesis analyzed and researched the Shanghai rural settlements landscape in three different aspects: the ecological structure of the settlements and the water system, internal buildings of the settlements, the landscape formation of the roads and spatial places together with the environmental greening in the surrounding areas.By classifying and comparing the patterns of structures between settlements and water system, using the principles of landscape ecology, this thesis sorted out the rural landscape of Shanghai into five categories: settlements near water type, settlements dispersal type, settlements far from water type, settlements surrounded by water type and lake peripheral type. They were discussed in terms of types.This was followed by the research on the landscape elements of buildings in internal settlements, roads and spatial places. The research mainly focused on the styles of the building, structure, roads landscape, and indicative characteristics of the public spaces of Shanghai rural settlements. Classified research on the periphery of the village's greening environment was made. The main research points are the entrance greening environment, village central greening environment, courtyard greening environment, greening environment near water and farmland greening environment.3. Based on the analysis of the Shanghai's rural landscape current status, the comprehensive evaluation system of Shanghai's rural village landscape was established. From the aspect of reflecting rural landscape's settlements patterns, architecture features, space form, environment, history and culture to build the sets of indicators. Secondly, AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and expert scoring method were used comprehensively to get the determination matrix. The weights of the factors were determined by the matrix. Finally, in the light of the adoption of industrial and national standards, together with experts'advice, weighted average of indicators method was used to evaluate the indicators. In this way, a comprehensive analysis of the rural settlements landscape in Shanghai was conducted in a qualitative and quantitative combined way.4. Finally, the special characteristics and the existing problems of Shanghai rural landscape were stated briefly. This article hopes get to a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the Shanghai rural landscape. By using landscape ecology qualitative analysis together with mathematical evaluation quantitative calculation, this thesis has explored a propagable and practical way.