| The Yellow River Wetland of Eastern Henan Province lies in downstream of Yellow River, involved in two provincial nature reserves, Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland nature reserve and Kaifeng LiuYuankou wetland nature reserve; Comprising two provincial nature reserves, the East Henan Yellow River Wetland is an important stopover site as well as wintering ground of migratory birds. As such this wetland is critical to the conservation of migratory birds.We conducted a one-year investigation of waterbirds in this wetland from September, 2007 to August, 2008. The waterbirds fauna, residence status, species abundance, density, community diversity of different seasons and habitats, and the habitat selection in Autumn were analysed as well as problems exist in this wetland and proposal were put forward, the results are following:1. We recorded 83 species belonging to 13 families and 7 orders. Of these, 60 species (72.29%) are of the Palearctic realm, 3 (3.61%) are of the Indomalaya realm, and 20 (24.10%) are cosmopolitan. There are 5 resident species, 12 summer migrants, 33 winter migrants, and 33 passage migrants.2. We identified 5 grade-I and 13 grade-II nationally protected avian species. 54 species are covered by the Sino-Japanese Agreement on the Protection of Migratory Birds and Their Habitats, 17 are protected under the Sino-Australian Agreement on the Protection of Migratory Birds and Their Habitats, and 64 are recognized by the Chinese state as economically and/or scientifically valuable.3. The Bean Goose and the Spot-billed Duck dominates this community, the Little Grebe, the Grey Heron, the Black-crowned Night-Heron, the Swan Goose, the Greylag Goose, the Mallard and the Common Crane is also common, and the other species are rare.4. Swamps have the highest species richness (73), followed by aquaculture ponds (47), farms (21), artificial lakes (15), and wastelands (11).5. Analysis the community diversity to four seasons, the highest of species and quantities is autumn and winter, the Shannon-Wiener index, PieLou index and G-F index is the highest than the rest seasons in autumn, the waterfowls' the Shannon-Wiener index, predominance index and G-F index in winter is low than the rest seasons respectively, but the PieLou index are the highest than the rest seasons.6. Analysis the community diversity to 5 wetland types, the species, quantities, the Shannon-Wiener index, PieLou index and the G-F index in the Region of water and marsh and the Region of artificial aquaculture is very high respectively, predominance index is low respectively. In the region of wasteland and grass, the species is low, but the quantity is high, so the Shannon-Wiener index, PieLou index and the G-F index is low, but the predominance index is high.7. Analysis the similarity index to 5 wetland types indicates that the comparability index between Region of water and marsh and Region of artificial aquaculture is highest than other wetland types, the numerical value is 0.6942; it shows that these two habitats is very similar. In contrast, the comparability index between Region of water and marsh and Region of villages and farmland is lowest than other habitats, the numerical value 0.2118.8. The waders (the Ciconiiformes, Gruiformes, and Charadriiformes) prefer habitats that have soft-bottom shores. The Ciconiiformes are attracted to aquaculture ponds teeming with fish. The Gruiformes and Charadriiformes tend to avoid high-disturbance areas. The Natatores (the Podicipediformes and Anseriformes) forage in lakes and streams. The Podicipediformes are disturbance-tolerant, while the Anseriformes are disturbance-sensitive.9. There are some questions about the management of this district, the excess exploiture of the barron beach, the waterbirds huntings and the watercourse exploiture etc. So it is necessary to solve such problems by spreading the importance of waterbirds protection and the wetland to the public, decreasing human activities and carrying out work of returning farmland to wetland and so on.
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