Primary Studies On The Aves Community Diversity And Evaluation Of The Waterfowl Habitat In Wanghu Wetland Nature Reserve

Aves is one of the most important biological group of the vertebrate. It plays an important role in keeping the balance of nature, biological control, etc. Aves diversity is one of the most important components of the biodiversity.Wanghu wetland Nature Reserve lies in the Yangxin County, which is in the south-east of Hubei Province. It is a shallow, grassy lake, lies in the middle brance of Yangzi River. It is an excellent site for some birds to breed and inhabit. Some researchers has studied on the propagation of Wanghu wetland nature reserve. But there is no systemic investigations and biodiversity analysis in Aves. Consigned by the Hubei propagation-protecting chief station, the survey on the aves of Hubei Wanghu wetland Nature Reserve went along during 2004, So that some suggestions would be put forward.173 species of birds are recorded in Hubei Wanghu wetland Nature Reserve, which belong to 15 orders, 38 families. Type of geographical distribution, ecotype of birds and key protected birds are studied .Of them, there are 108- native progenitive species (42 summer migrant species and 62 resident species), 69 adventive progenitive species (51 winter migrant species and 18 travelling species).There are 88 palaearctic species,62 oriental species and 23 cosmopolitan species. 31 species were protected nationly in which 3 species and 28 species are listed respectively in the First and Second Category of State key protected Wildlife List, and 47 species are protected provincially. 30 species are listed in the list of CITES (3 species in appendix I , 20 species in appendix II and 7 species in appendix III). 12 species are listed in the list of China Red Data Book of Endangered Animals in which there are 3 endangered species, 2 rare species, 6 vulnerable species and 1 indefinite species.72 species and 25 species are listed respectively in the list of China-Japan Agreement for protection of Migratory Birds and China-Australia Agreement for protection of Migratory Birds.There are four communities of birds in Hubei Wanghu wetland Nature Reserve. The composition, community biodiversity, evenness indices and similarity of communities are analyzed.In spring, there are 6 species of the most important ones and 14 species of the most important ones, 16 species of the wide distribution, 20 species of the moderate distribution and 53 species of the narrow distribution. In summer, there are 6 species of the most important ones and 16 species of the most important ones, 17 species of the wide distribution, 21 species of the moderate distribution and 24 species of the narrow distribution. In autumn, there are 7 species of the most important ones and 18 species of the most important ones, 15 species of the wide distribution, 33 species of the moderate distribution and 42 species of the narrow distribution. In winter, there are 15 predominant species, 6 familiar species, 6 skimp species and 12 rare species.According to the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices, the maximum is respective bush community of aves in spring, water area community of aves insummer and water area community of aves in autumn. The minimum is respective farmland community of aves in spring, bush community of aves in summer and wood community of aves in autumn. Shannon-Wiener diversity indices correlate significantly to Pielou evenness indices(R=0.882, P<0.01). But amounts of species don't correlate significantly to Shannon-Wiener diversity indices and Pielou evenness indices. Among the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices of waterfowl, the sequence is autumn's(max.), winter's, spring's, summer's in turn.According to the G-F diversity indices, the highest's diversity is in summer. The secondary is in winter. And the spring's G-F diversity indices equals to the autumn's approximately. Corelation analysis indicates that G-F diversity indices correlate significantly and strongly to F diversity indices(R=0.988 P=0.012), and G diversity indices don't correlate significantly to F diversity indices(R=0.943 P=0.057). The amount of species don't correlate significantly to G-F diversity...